Marco is viewed by this family as "fictive kin".
We can define fictive kin as the individuals who are viewed as being a piece of a family despite the fact that they are not related by either blood or marriage bonds. Fictive kinship may tie individuals together in ties of love, concern, commitment, and obligation.
The term Fictive kinship may likewise be utilized as a part of a legitimate sense, and this utilization proceeds in social orders where these classes and definitions with respect to family relationship and social ties have lawful cash; e.g. in issues of legacy.
Answer: Chronosystem.
Urie Bronfenbrenner, an American psychologist, developed the Ecological Systems Theory as an explanation to how children interact with their environment and how in turn the environment affects the child’s development.
The first four levels of the system are:
Microsystem <em>(Immediate Environment)
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Mesosystem <em>(Connections)
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Exosystem <em>(Indirect Environment)
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Macrosystem <em>(Social and Cultural Values)
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The last system, which underlies all the other levels is the Chronosystem. This system introduces time to the theory. It includes changes over time in a small level (changes to family structure, changes in social circle) and changes at a social level (wars, recessions, etc.).
Answer: In differential reinforcement of alternative behavior (DRA), it is possible for the problem behavior and reinforced behaviour to coexist while in differential reinforcement of incompatible behavior (DRI), it is not.
Explanation:
Differential reinforcement of alternative behavior (DRA) and differential reinforcement of incompatible behavior (DRI) are both ways to reduce or eliminate unsatisfactory behavior. They aim to change behavior by substituting unwanted behavior with target behavior and removing the reinforcement of unwanted behavior
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The difference between DRA and DRI is the compatibility of the behavior that is being reinforced with the existing behavior. While DRA shows an alternative way to behave, DRI only reinforces behavior incompatible with the problem behavior. An example of DRA is is telling a student to raise her hand instead of shouting in class. Here, both of these behaviors are compatible. An example of DRI is telling a child who has a habit of talking while eating to do one or the other.
