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3 years ago

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A student pushes a 0.2 kg box against a spring causing the spring to compress 0.15 m. When the spring is released, it will launc

h the box vertically into the air. What is the maximum height the box will reach if the spring constant is 300 N/m?

1 answer:

german3 years ago

6 0

Answer:

The maximum height the box will reach is 1.72 m

Explanation:

F = k·x

Where

F = Force of the spring

k = The spring constant = 300 N/m

x = Spring compression or stretch = 0.15 m

Therefore the force, F of the spring = 300 N/m×0.15 m = 45 N

Mass of box = 0.2 kg

Work, W, done by the spring = $\frac{1}{2} kx^2$ and the kinetic energy gained by the box is given by KE = $\frac{1}{2} mv^2$

Since work done by the spring = kinetic energy gained by the box we have

$\frac{1}{2} mv^2$ = $\frac{1}{2} kx^2$ therefore we have v = $\sqrt{\frac{kx^2}{m} }$ = $x\sqrt{\frac{k}{m} }$ = $0.15\sqrt{\frac{300}{0.2} }$ = 5.81 m/s

Therefore the maximum height is given by

v² = 2·g·h or h = $\frac{v^2}{2g}$ = $\frac{5.81^{2} }{2*9.81}$ = 1.72 m

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Answer:

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Explanation:

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I'm going to assume the friction force is pointed down the bank. If I get a negative answer, that'll just mean it's actually pointed up the bank.

Sum of the forces in the radial direction (+x):

∑F = ma

N sin θ + F cos θ = m v² / r

Sum of the forces in the y direction:

∑F = ma

N cos θ - F sin θ - W = 0

To solve the system of equations for F, first solve for N and substitute.

N = (W + F sin θ) / cos θ

Substituting:

((W + F sin θ) / cos θ) sin θ + F cos θ = m v² / r

(W + F sin θ) tan θ + F cos θ = m v² / r

W tan θ + F sin θ tan θ + F cos θ = m v² / r

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W tan θ + F sec θ = m v² / r

F sec θ = m v² / r - W tan θ

F = m v² cos θ / r - W sin θ

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Given that m = 1900 kg, θ = 11°, v = 27.2 m/s, and r = 55 m:

F = 1900 ((27.2)² cos 11 / 55 - 9.8 sin 11)

F = 21577 N

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A rotating flywheel has moment of inertia 18.0 kg⋅m^2 for an axis along the axle about which the wheel is rotating. Initially th

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Answer:

The rotational kinetic energy takes 0.430 seconds to become half its initial value.

Explanation:

By the Principle of Energy Conservation and the Work-Energy Theorem we know that flywheel slow down due to the action of non-conservative forces (i.e. friction), the energy losses are equal to the change in the rotational kinetic energy. That is:

$\Delta E = K_{1}-K_{2}$ (1)

Where:

$\Delta E$ - Energy losses, measured in joules.

$K_{1}$ , $K_{2}$ - Initial and final rotational kinetic energies, measured in joules.

By definition of rotational kinetic energy, we expand the equation above:

$\Delta E = \frac{1}{2}\cdot I\cdot (\omega_{1}^{2}-\omega_{2}^{2})$ (2)

Where:

$I$ - Moment of inertia of the flywheel, measured in kilograms per square meter.

$\omega_{1}$ , $\omega_{2}$ - Initial and final angular speed, measured in radians per second.

If we know that $K_{1} = 30\,J$ , $K_{2} = 15\,J$ and $I = 18\,kg\cdot m^{2}$ , then the initial angular speed is:

$K_{1} = \frac{1}{2}\cdot I \cdot \omega_{1}^{2}$ (3)

$\omega_{1}=\sqrt{\frac{2\cdot K_{1}}{I} }$

$\omega_{1} = \sqrt{\frac{2\cdot (30\,J)}{18\,kg\cdot m^{2}} }$

$\omega_{1} \approx 1.825\,\frac{rad}{s}$

$\omega_{1}\approx 0.291\,\frac{rev}{s}$

$K_{2} = \frac{1}{2}\cdot I \cdot \omega_{2}^{2}$ (4)

$\omega_{2}=\sqrt{\frac{2\cdot K_{2}}{I} }$

$\omega_{2} = \sqrt{\frac{2\cdot (15\,J)}{18\,kg\cdot m^{2}} }$

$\omega_{2} \approx 1.291\,\frac{rad}{s}$

$\omega_{2} \approx 0.205\,\frac{rev}{s}$

Under the assumption that flywheel is decelerating uniformly, we get that the time taken for the flywheel to slowdown is:

$t = \frac{\omega_{2}-\omega_{1}}{\alpha}$ (5)

If we know that $\omega_{1}\approx 0.291\,\frac{rev}{s}$ , $\omega_{2} \approx 0.205\,\frac{rev}{s}$ and $\alpha = -0.200\,\frac{rev}{s^{2}}$ , then the time needed is:

$t = \frac{0.205\,\frac{rev}{s}-0.291\,\frac{rev}{s}}{-0.200\,\frac{rev}{s^{2}} }$

$t = 0.43\,s$

The rotational kinetic energy takes 0.430 seconds to become half its initial value.

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