Question

What effect would there be on the final daughter cell if the spindle fibers failed to pull a chromosome toward the pole, as in case of non-Disjunction?

Answer 1

Aneuploidy can result in the final daughter cell if the spindle fibers fail to pull a chromosome toward the pole as in case of non-disjunction.  

Explanation:

Aneuploidy is a condition which arises when one or more chromosome is missing in the final daughter cells.

Non-disjunction refers to the failure of chromosomal or chromatid segregation or separation during cell division. This results in erroneous meiosis or mitosis leading to the formation of final daughter cells or gametes with an extra or missing chromosome. This condition is aneuploidy.  

Failure of separation or segregation of:

• Homologous chromosomes occur in Anaphase I, affects four daughter cells.
• Sister chromatids during Anaphase II, affects two daughter cells

This failure of separation leads to aneuploidy chromosomal abnormalities like monosomy, trisomy, etc which can cause diseases like Down’s syndrome, Turner’s syndrome etc.