A. An influx of raw materials from the Americas provided the basis for European manufacturing and the flourishing commercial revolution.
Well, it depends. Technically all of those answers could SHAPE culture, but language, religion, and government are the best answers. People can still practice their culture despite where they are in the world, after all. So A, B, and C.
Connotative. It is a different shade of meaning for both of them.
Answer:
His plan for the liberation of Jerusalem began with an attack on Egypt
Explanation: