Orbital hybridization (or hybridization) is the concept of mixing atomic orbitals to form new hybrid orbitals (with different energies, shapes, etc., than the component atomic orbitals) suitable for the pairing of electrons to form chemical bonds in valence bond theory.
<h3>What types of hybrid orbitals are?</h3>
The five basic shapes of hybridization are linear, trigonal planar, tetrahedral, trigonal bipyramidal, and octahedral. The geometry of the orbital arrangement: Linear: Two electron groups are involved resulting in sp hybridization, the angle between the orbitals is 180°.
<h3>Why are hybrid orbitals formed?</h3>
Hybridization occurs when an atom bonds using electrons from both the s and p orbitals, creating an imbalance in the energy levels of the electrons. To equalize these energy levels, the s and p orbitals involved are combined to create hybrid orbitals.
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[H3O+] is just the same with [H+]. There are quite a few relationships between [H+] and [OH−] ions. And because there is a large range of number between 10 to 10-15 M, the pH is used. pH = -log[H+] and pOH = -log[OH−]. In aqueous solutions, [H+ ][OH- ] = 10-14
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Answer:
c
Explanation:
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Answer: The atomic mass of these two isotopes is 40.03 amu. The average mass is closer to actual amu of 58.69 for nickel as its percentage abundance is more.
Explanation:
Mass of isotope 1 = 63.93
% abundance of isotope 1 = 0.93% =
Mass of isotope 2 = 57.93
% abundance of isotope 2 = (68.08)% =
Formula used for average atomic mass of an element :
Therefore, the average atomic mass of nickel is, 40.03 amu. The average mass is closer to actual amu of 58.69 for nickel as its percentage abundance is more.
Answer: (B.) The reaction rate is highest when sodium powder is used.
Explanation:
Five factors that affect the rate of reactions are : Temperature, concentration, nature of catalyst, chemical nature of reactants and nature of subdivision of particles (heavier size versus smaller or powdered particles).
Nature of subdivision of particles :
Since reactions occur at the boundary between two phases therefore tyhe rate of reaction depends on surface contact available between them. A powdered particle has generally more surface area than the particle in solid form.