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➷ It would be 'when they have like charges.'
'Like charges' means the same charge. For example, two positive charged objects have like charges.
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"Balanced" means that if there's something pulling one way, then there's also
something else pulling the other way.
-- If there's a kid sitting on one end of a see-saw, and another one with the
same weight sitting on the other end, then the see-saw is balanced, and
neither end goes up or down. It's just as if there's nobody sitting on it.
-- If there's a tug-of-war going on, and there are 300 freshmen pulling on one
end of a rope, and another 300 freshmen pulling in the opposite direction on
the other end of the rope, then the hanky hanging from the middle of the rope
doesn't move. The pulls on the rope are balanced, and it's just as if nobody
is pulling on it at all.
-- If a lady in the supermarket is pushing her shopping cart up the aisle, and her
two little kids are in front of the cart pushing it in the other direction, backwards,
toward her. If the kids are strong enough, then the forces on the cart can be
balanced. Then the cart doesn't move at all, and it's just as if nobody is pushing
on it at all.
From these examples, you can see a few things:
-- There's no such thing as "a balanced force" or "an unbalanced force".
It's a <em><u>group</u> of forces</em> that is either balanced or unbalanced.
-- The group of forces is balanced if their strengths and directions are
just right so that each force is canceled out by one or more of the others.
-- When the group of forces on an object is balanced, then the effect on the
object is just as if there were no force on it at all.
Newton’s first law is commonly stated as:
An object at rest stays at rest and an object in motion stays in motion.
However, this is missing an important element related to forces. We could expand it by stating:
An object at rest stays at rest and an object in motion stays in motion at a constant speed and direction unless acted upon by an unbalanced force.
By the time Newton came along, the prevailing theory of motion—formulated by Aristotle—was nearly two thousand years old. It stated that if an object is moving, some sort of force is required to keep it moving. Unless that moving thing is being pushed or pulled, it will simply slow down or stop. Right?
This, of course, is not true. In the absence of any forces, no force is required to keep an object moving. An object (such as a ball) tossed in the earth’s atmosphere slows down because of air resistance (a force). An object’s velocity will only remain constant in the absence of any forces or if the forces that act on it cancel each other out, i.e. the net force adds up to zero. This is often referred to as equilibrium. The falling ball will reach a terminal velocity (that stays constant) once the force of air resistance equals the force of gravity.
Hope this help
