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Answer:
a) Percentage by mass of carbon: 18.3%
Percentage by mass of hydrogen: 0.77%
b) Percentage by mass of chlorine: 80.37%
c) Molecular formula:
Explanation:
Firstly, the mass of carbon must be determined by using a conversion factor:
The same process is used to calculate the amount of hydrogen:
The percentage by mass of carbon and hydrogen are calculated as follows:
%C= 18.3%
%H=0.77%
From the precipation data it is possible obtain the amount of chlorine present in the compound:
= 0.43g AgCl
Let's calculate the percentage by mass of chlorine:
%Cl== 80.37%
Assuming that we have 100g of the compound, it is possible to determine the number of moles of each element in the compound:
Dividing each of the quantities above by the smallest (0.77mol), the subscripts in a tentative formula would be
≈ 2
≈3
The empirical formula for the compound is:
The mass of this empirical formula is:
mass of C + mass of H + mass of Cl= 24g +1+ 106.35 =131.35g
This mass matches with the molar mass, which means that the supscript in the molecular formula are the same of the empirical one.
1)Identify the atoms that are participating in a covalent bond.
2)Draw each atom by using its element symbol. The number of valence electrons is shown by placing up to two dots on each side of the element symbol, with each dot representing a single valence electron.
3)Predict the number of covalent bonds each atom will make using the octet rule.
4)Draw the bonding atoms next to each other, showing a single covalent bond as either a pair of dots or a line representing a shared valence electron pair. If the molecule forms a double or triple bond, use two or three lines to represent the shared electron pairs, respectively.
2)Draw each atom by using its element symbol. The number of valence electrons is shown by placing up to two dots on each side of the element symbol, with each dot representing a single valence electron.
3)Predict the number of covalent bonds each atom will make using the octet rule.
4)Draw the bonding atoms next to each other, showing a single covalent bond as either a pair of dots or a line representing a shared valence electron pair. If the molecule forms a double or triple bond, use two or three lines to represent the shared electron pairs, respectively.