Question:
2 answers:
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Answer:
(a): The 95% confidence interval is (46.4, 53.6)
(b): The 95% confidence interval is (47.9, 52.1)
(c): Larger sample gives a smaller margin of error.
Step-by-step explanation:
Given
-- sample size
-- sample mean
--- sample standard deviation
Solving (a): The confidence interval of the population mean
Calculate the standard error
The 95% confidence interval for the z value is:
Calculate margin of error (E)
The confidence bound is:
--- approximated
--- approximated
<em>So, the 95% confidence interval is (46.4, 53.6)</em>
Solving (b): The confidence interval of the population mean if mean = 90
First, calculate the standard error of the mean
The 95% confidence interval for the z value is:
Calculate margin of error (E)
The confidence bound is:
--- approximated
--- approximated
<em>So, the 95% confidence interval is (47.9, 52.1)</em>
Solving (c): Effect of larger sample size on margin of error
In (a), we have:
In (b), we have:
<em>Notice that the margin of error decreases when the sample size increases.</em>
Answer:
72 feet from the shorter pole
Step-by-step explanation:
The anchor point that minimizes the total wire length is one that divides the distance between the poles in the same proportion as the pole heights. That is, the two created triangles will be similar.
The shorter pole height as a fraction of the total pole height is ...
18/(18+24) = 3/7
so the anchor distance from the shorter pole as a fraction of the total distance between poles will be the same:
d/168 = 3/7
d = 168·(3/7) = 72
The wire should be anchored 72 feet from the 18 ft pole.
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<em>Comment on the problem</em>
This is equivalent to asking, "where do I place a mirror on the ground so I can see the top of the other pole by looking in the mirror from the top of one pole?" Such a question is answered by reflecting one pole across the plane of the ground and drawing a straight line from its image location to the top of the other pole. Where the line intersects the plane of the ground is where the mirror (or anchor point) should be placed. The "similar triangle" description above is essentially the same approach.
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Alternatively, you can write an equation for the length (L) of the wire as a function of the location of the anchor point:
L = √(18²+x²) + √(24² +(168-x)²)
and then differentiate with respect to x and find the value that makes the derivative zero. That seems much more complicated and error-prone, but it gives the same answer.
