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MrRissso [65]
3 years ago
13

A new viral pathogen has emerged, and you have been asked to develop an ELISA-based detection assay to the intact virions. In or

der to ensure that a mutation in a single surface protein does not render your assay obsolete, which of the following should you use?
a. Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH)
b. Molecular beacons
c. Monoclonal antibodies
d. Polyclonal antibodies
e. Subunit vaccine
Biology
1 answer:
Leya [2.2K]3 years ago
5 0

Answer:

The correct answer is option d. "Polyclonal antibodies".

Explanation:

The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) is very useful in comparison to other immunoassay methods for being highly accurate, sensitive and specific. Polyclonal antibodies for the detection step could be used on order to ensure that a mutation in a single surface protein would not make obsolete an ELISA used to detect a new viral pathogen. Unlike monoclonal antibodies, polyclonal antibodies are a collection of antibodies that recognize multiple epitopes of the same antigen. Therefore, a mutation in one epitope that affects the binding of one antibody would not affect the bind of the others and the ELISA will be able to recognize the pathogen.

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Which example best illustrates the point behind the Tragedy of the Commons essay? A.Various nations overfishing in international
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Answer: B. A property owner clear-cutting all of the trees on his land to sell for timber.

Explanation:

The tragedy of the commons is a problem whereby an individual pursue his or her own personal gain at the expense of the overall well-being of everyone in the society.

In this question, the tragedy of commons will be a property owner clear-cutting all of the trees on his land to sell for timber. Even though the owner makes some income for himself, this act will bring about soil erosion, depletion of resource or flood. He neglected the society in order to satisfy his own needs.

5 0
3 years ago
In an animal cell, what is the function of the lysosomes?
Alik [6]
<span><span><span>Release enzymes outside of the cell (exocytosis)</span>
which may serve the purpose of destroying materials around the cell.</span><span><span>Break-down 'digestion' of materials from inside the cell (autophagy)</span> 
i.e. by fusing with vacuoles from inside the cell. 
This could include digesting worn-out organelles so that useful chemicals locked-up in their structures can be re-used by the cell.</span><span><span>Break-down 'digestion' of materials from outside the cell (heterophagy)</span>
i.e. by fusing with vacuoles from outside the cell.
This could include breaking-down material taken-in by phagocytes, which include many types of white blood cells - also known as leucocytes. Specific mechanisms of heterophagy can be:<span><span>phagocytic - by which cells engulf extracellular debris, bacteria or other particles - only occurs in certain specialized cells</span><span>pinocytic - by which cells engulf extracellular fluid</span><span>endocytic - by which cells take-up particles such as molecules that have become attached to the outer-surface of the cell membrane.</span></span></span><span><span>Recycle the products of biochemical reactions that have taken place following materials being brought into the cell by endocytosis (general term for this 'recycling' function: biosynthesis) </span>
Different materials (chemicals) are processed in different ways, e.g. some structures may be processed/degraded within lysosomes and others are taken to the surface of the cell.</span><span>Completely break-down cells that have died (autolysis)</span></span>

In general, the functions of lysosomes involve breaking-down i.e. processing to 'make safe' or make use of, or removing from the cell e.g. by exocytosis, useless and potentially harmful materials such as old worn-out parts of the cell or potential threats such bacteria. Lysosomes can therefore be thought of as the rubbish disposal units within cel

8 0
3 years ago
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Sveta_85 [38]

Answer:

Specific resistance

Explanation:

7 0
2 years ago
What is a decomposition reaction called in biology
sesenic [268]

<span>Decomposition reaction is where an organism undergoes breakdown into simpler molecules and compounds. This is caused by other biotic and abiotic factors in the environment. Simply, decomposition is part of a cycle where a complex compound is breakdown and used again for complex reconstruction of other organic processes. </span>

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Within the sarcoplasm are many parallel fibers known as
Nataly_w [17]
those would be myofibrils
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