The correct answer is option A, that is, cooler and more rigid outer portion.
The lithosphere of the Earth comprises the crust and the uppermost mantle that forms the rigid and hard outer layer of the Earth. The lithosphere is sub-differentiated into tectonic plates. The topmost section of the lithosphere, which chemically reacts with the hydrosphere, atmosphere, and biosphere via the soil producing procedure is known as the pedosphere. The lithosphere is situated above the asthenosphere that is the hotter, weaker, and deeper component of the upper mantle.
Answer : The vapor pressure of solution is 23.67 mmHg.
Solution:
As the relative lowering of vapor pressure is directly proportional to the amount of dissolved solute.
The formula for relative lowering of vapor pressure will be,
where,
= vapor pressure of pure solvent (water) = 23.76 mmHg
= vapor pressure of solution= ?
= mass of solute (sucrose) = 12.25 g
= mass of solvent (water) = 176.3 g
= molar mass of solvent (water) = 18.02 g/mole
= molar mass of solute (sucrose) = 342.3 g/mole
Now put all the given values in this formula ,we get the vapor pressure of the solution.
Therefore, the vapor pressure of solution is 23.67 mmHg.
Diffusion is the movement of a solute from an area of its high concentration to an area of its low concentration – i.e. down a concentration gradient. This process is “passive” – i.e. it requires no energy; the gradient is enough to drive the process.
Color implies visible light, so to answer your question: red light has the longest wavelength (~620 - 740 nm). However, there also exists light with even longer wavelengths that is not visible to the human eye, from infrared light to radio waves (with wavelengths that are meters long!)
