How many moles of nitrous oxide gas (N2O) is contained in 20.0 L balloon at a pressure of 1.09 atm and a temperature of 298K? Ro
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The Boyle-Mariotte's law or Boyle's law is one of the laws of gases that <u>relates the volume (V) and pressure (P) of a certain amount of gas maintained at constant temperature</u>, as follows:
PV = k
where k is a constant.
We can relate the state of a gas at a specific pressure and volume to another state in which the same gas is at different P and V since the product of both variables is equal to a constant, according to the Boyle's law, which will be the same regardless of the state of the gas. In this way,
P₁V₁ = P₂V₂
Where P₁ and V₁ is the pressure and volume of the gas to a state 1 and P₂ and V₂ is the pressure and volume of the same gas in a state 2.
In this case, in the state 1 the gas occupies a volume V₁ = 100 mL at a pressure of P₁ = 150 kPa. Then, in the state 2 the gas occupies a volume V₂ (that we must calculate through the boyle's law) at a pressure of P₂ = 200 kPa. Substituting these values in the previous equation and clearing V₂, we have,
P₁V₁ = P₂V₂ → V₂ =
→ V₂ =
→ V₂ = 75 mL
Then, the volume occupied by the gas at 200 kPa is V₂ = 75 mL
0.85 moles formula units of lead nitrate will produce 0.57 moles formula units of chromium (III) nitrate.
<h3>Explanation</h3>Typically, the oxidation state of Pb in lead nitrate tend to be +2. In other words, Pb in lead nitrate tends to exist as ions. The formula for a nitrate ion is
. The charge on each of the nitrate ion is -1. The charge on the two ions should balance. As a result, each
ion in lead nitrate would pair up with two
ions. The formula for lead nitrate will be
. Each formula unit of lead nitrate will contain one
ion and two
ions.
The "III" in the name "chromium (III) nitrate" is a Roman Numeral. It indicates that the oxidation state of Cr in chromium (III) nitrate is +3. The Cr in that compound will exist as . Similarly, each
will pair up with three
ions. The formula for chromium (III) nitrate will be
. Each formula unit of chromium (III) nitrate will contain one
ion and three
ions.
0.85 moles formula units of lead nitrate will contain 0.85 × 2 = 1.7 moles of ions. Those nitrate ions will end up in 1.7 / 3 = 0.57 moles formula units of chromium (III) nitrate. As a result, the reaction will produce 0.57 moles formula units of chromium (III) nitrate.