Answer:
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Answer:
Explanation: The strengths of the inter molecular forces varies as follows -
The normal boiling point of CSe2 is 125°C and that of CS2 is 116°C, which explains the trend that as we move down the group, the boiling point of e compound increases as the size increases.
This usually happens because larger and heavier atoms have a tendency to exhibit greater inter molecular strengths due to the increase in size . As the size increases, the valence shell electrons move far away from the nucleus, thus has a greater tendency to attract the temporary dipoles.
And larger the inter molecular forces, more tightly the electrons will be held to each other and thus more thermal energy would be required to break the bonds between them.
Answer:
Mostly Para
Explanation:
First, let's assume that the molecule is the toluene (A benzene with a methyl group as radical).
Now the nitration reaction is a reaction in which the nitric acid in presence of sulfuric acid, react with the benzene molecule, to introduce the nitro group into the molecule. The nitro group is a relative strong deactiviting group and is metha director, so, further reactions that occur will be in the metha position.
Now, in this case, the methyl group is a weak activating group in the molecule of benzene, and is always ortho and para director for the simple fact that this molecule (The methyl group) is a donor of electrons instead of atracting group of electrons. Therefore for these two reasons, when the nitration occurs,it will go to the ortho or para position.
Now which position will prefer to go? it's true it can go either ortho or para, however, let's use the steric hindrance principle. Although the methyl group it's not a very voluminous and big molecule, it still exerts a little steric hindrance, and the nitro group would rather go to a position where no molecule is present so it can attach easily. It's like you have two doors that lead to the same place, but in one door you have a kid in the middle and the other door is free to go, you'll rather pass by the door which is free instead of the door with the kid in the middle even though you can pass for that door too. Same thing happens here. Therefore the correct option will be mostly para.
Answer: A chemical process must occur and then changes between the state of the reactants and the state of the products can be determined
Explanation: Enthalpy represents the sum of the energy of the system with the product of the pressure and volume of that system. As a thermodynamic property, it expresses the ability to release heat from the system. In fact, enthalpy tells us how much heat and work has changed during the chemical reaction under constant pressure. When measuring, measurements of the difference in enthalpy between the two states of the system is performed, before and after the chemical reaction, since total enthalpy can not be measured. This measurement of the enthalpy change can tell us, for example, whether the heat was released from the system during the reaction, or the system absorbed the heat.
