Gold has a heavy enough nucleus that its electrons must travel at speeds nearing the speed of light to prevent them from falling into the nucleus. This relativistic effect applies to those orbitals that have appreciable density at the nucleus, such as s and p orbitals. These relativistic electrons gain mass and as a consequence, their orbits contract. As these s and (to some degree) p orbits are contracted, the other electrons in d and f orbitals are better screened from the nucleus and their orbitals actually expand.
Since the 6s orbital with one electron is contracted, this electron is more tightly bound to the nucleus and less available for bonding with other atoms. The 4f and 5d orbitals expand, but can't be involved in bond formation since they are completely filled. This is why gold is relatively unreactive.
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Answer:
Non-polar and non-polar molecules do not attract each other.
Explanation:
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The answer is: the mass of carbon is 420.6 grams.
m(C₈H₁₈) = 500 g; mass of octane.
M(C₈H₁₈) = 114.22 g/mol; molar mass of octane.
n(C₈H₁₈) = m(C₈H₁₈) ÷ M(C₈H₁₈).
n(C₈H₁₈) = 500 g ÷ 114.22 g/mol.
n(C₈H₁₈) = 4.38 mol; amount of octane.
In one molecule of octane, there are eight carbon atoms:
n(C) = 8 · n(C₈H₁₈).
n(C) = 8 · 4.38 mol.
n(C) = 35.02 mol; amount of carbon.
m(C) = 35.02 mol · 12.01 g/mol.
m(C) = 420.6 g; mass of carbone.
I believe it is B. A series circuit has one path for electrons, but a parallel circuit has more then one path.
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Answer:
c. chloroacetate ion
Explanation:
The chloroacetic acid, ClCH₂CO₂H, is a weak acid with Ka = 1.36x10⁻³. When this weak acid is in solution with its conjugate base, ClCH₂CO₂⁻ (From sodium chloroacetate) a buffer is produced. The addition of a strong acid as the HCl produce the following reaction
HCl + ClCH₂CO₂⁻ → ClCH₂CO₂H + Cl⁻.
Where the acid reacts with the chloroacetate ion to produce more chloroacetic acid
That means, the HCl reacts with the chloroacetate ion present in the buffer solution
Right answer is:
<h3>c. chloroacetate ion</h3>