Answer:
Three proteins directly contribute to the proton gradient by moving protons across the membrane
Explanation:
The Electron transport chain is a group of proteins and molecules incrusted in the internal mitochondrial membrane and organized into four complexes, I, II, III, and IV. These complexes contain the electron transporters and the enzymes necessary to catalyze the electron transference from one complex to the other. Complex I contains the flavine mononucleotide -FMN- that receives electrons from the NADH. The coenzyme Q, located in the lipidic interior of the membrane, conducts electrons from complex I and II to complex III. The complex III contains cytochrome b, from where electrons go to cytochrome c, which is a peripheric membrane protein. Electrons travel from cytochrome c to cytochromes a and a3, located in the complex IV. Finally, they go back to the matrix, where they combine to H+ ions and oxygen, to form the water molecule. As electrons are transported through the chain, protons are bombed through three proteinic complexes from the matrix to the intermembrane space. These are complexes I, III and IV.
Complete Question:
The carrying capacity of the environment for a species is determined by:
options:
(a) the reproductive rate of the organism.
(b) the number of organisms of that species.
(c) the state and national wildlife laws pertaining to that species.
(d) the age distribution of that species.
(e) the limited availability of renewable resources in the environment and the environmental resistance to the biotic potential of the organism.
Answer: (e) the limited availability of renewable resources in the environment and the environmental resistance to the biotic potential of the organism.
Explanation: The carrying capacity refers to the highest number of the species that the environment can cater for, in terms of food, space and other necessities that supports life.
Thus, the available of renewable resources (i.e resources that can be reused after consumption e.g water) in the environment, plays as a determinant of the highest number of individuals an environment can support (carrying capacity).
Furthermore, environmental resistance to the biotic potential of the organism, is also a determinant of the carrying capacity of organisms inhabiting that particular environment.
Explanation:
A stem cell is a cell with the unique ability to develop into specialised cell types in the body. In the future they may be used to replace cells and tissues that have been damaged or lost due to disease.
Answer: analysis the similarities and differences between organisms of the same species
Explanation:
Comparative morphology is analysis of the patterns of the locus of structures within the body plan of an organism, and forms the basis of taxonomical categorization. Functional morphology is the study of the relationship between the structure and function of morphological features.
