Answer: Valence electrons
Valence electrons are those that are in the outermost or superficial layer of the atom, which means they have the highest energy compared to those of the inner layers.
Because of their position, it is easier for these electrons to interact with other atoms of their own element as well as different elements. This is done through the process of forming bonds when being attracted by other atoms.
Answer:
25 seconds
Explanation:
Assuming the woman is accelerating at a constant rate of
from the initial velocity, u=4.20 m/s, to the final velocity, v=5.00 m/s.
Let she takes t seconds to cover the distance, s=115 m.
As acceleration, 

Now, from the equation of motion


[ from equation (i)]

seconds.
Hence, she takes 25 seconds to walk the distance.
Answer:
The compression in the spring is 5.88 meters.
Explanation:
Given that,
Mass of the car, m = 39000 kg
Height of the car, h = 19 m
Spring constant of the spring, 
We need to find the compression in the spring in stopping the ore car. It can be done by balancing loss in gravitational potential energy and the increase in elastic energy. So,

x is the compression in spring

So, the compression in the spring is 5.88 meters.
Answer:
3540.5N
Explanation:
Step one:
given data
mass m= 0.196kg
speed v= 31m/s
distance r= 5.32cm = 0.0532m
Step two
The expression relating force, mass, velocity and distance is
F= mv^2/r
substitute we have
F=0.196*31^2/0.0532
F=0.196*961/0.0532
F=188.356/0.0532
F=3540.5N