The two types of mechanical waves are longitudinal waves, and transversal waves.
Answer:
Induced emf through a loop of wire is 3.5 V.
Explanation:
It is given that,
Initial magnetic flux, 
Final magnetic flux, 
The magnetic flux through a loop of wire decreases in a time of 0.4 s, t = 0.4 s
We need to find the average value of the induced emf. It is equivalent to the rate of change of magnetic flux i.e.



So, the value of the induced emf through a loop of wire is 3.5 V.
Answer is D.
Speed:
Use relative speed to simplify the situation. Since the trains are moving in opposite directions, you can add the speeds and pretend the first train is stationary (moving at 0m/s) and the second train is moving at 50m/s.
Distance:
The front of the second train needs to travel 120m to get from the front to the back of the first train. When the front of the second train is at the back of the first train, the back of the second train is still 10m in front of the first train. The back therefore has to travel 130m to clear the first train. The total distance over which the trains are overlapping in this scenario is therefore 120 + 130 = 250m.
You have speed and you have distance so now just calculate time:
v = d / t
50 = 250 / t
t = 5s