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3 years ago

Which of the following describes the oscillation of the medium in transverse waves?

Physics

1 answer:

svp [43]3 years ago

6 0

Wave An oscillation that transfers energy and momentum.

Mechanical wave A disturbance of matter that travels along a medium. Examples include waves on a string, sound, and water waves.

Wave speed Speed at which the wave disturbance moves. Depends only on the properties of the medium. Also called the propagation speed.

Transverse wave Oscillations where particles are displaced perpendicular to the wave direction.

Longitudinal wave Oscillations where particles are displaced parallel to the wave direction.

In a transverse wave, perpendicular to the direction the wave travels, the particles are displaced. Examples of transverse waves include on a string vibrations and on the water surface ripples. By moving the slinky up and down vertically, we can create a horizontal transverse wave.

In a longitudinal wave, parallel to the direction the wave travels, the particles are displaced. Compressions that move along a slinky are an example of longitudinal waves. By pushing and pulling the slinky horizontally, we can make a horizontal longitudinal wave.

Common mistakes and misconceptions

Sometimes people forget that wave velocity is not the same as the velocity of the medium particles. How fast the disturbance travels through a medium is the wave speed. The velocity of the particle is how fast a particle moves about its position of equilibrium.

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A 1 kg mass is attached to a spring with spring constant 7 Nt/m. What is the frequency of the simple harmonic motion? What is th

Scorpion4ik [409]

1. 0.42 Hz

The frequency of a simple harmonic motion for a spring is given by:

$f=\frac{1}{2\pi}\sqrt{\frac{k}{m}}$

where

k = 7 N/m is the spring constant

m = 1 kg is the mass attached to the spring

Substituting these numbers into the formula, we find

$f=\frac{1}{2\pi}\sqrt{\frac{7 N/m}{1 kg}}=0.42 Hz$

2. 2.38 s

The period of the harmonic motion is equal to the reciprocal of the frequency:

$T=\frac{1}{f}$

where f = 0.42 Hz is the frequency. Substituting into the formula, we find

$T=\frac{1}{0.42 Hz}=2.38 s$

3. 0.4 m

The amplitude in a simple harmonic motion corresponds to the maximum displacement of the mass-spring system. In this case, the mass is initially displaced by 0.4 m: this means that during its oscillation later, the displacement cannot be larger than this value (otherwise energy conservation would be violated). Therefore, this represents the maximum displacement of the mass-spring system, so it corresponds to the amplitude.

4. 0.19 m

We can solve this part of the problem by using the law of conservation of energy. In fact:

- When the mass is released from equilibrium position, the compression/stretching of the spring is zero: $x=0$ , so the elastic potential energy is zero, and all the mechanical energy of the system is just equal to the kinetic energy of the mass:

$E=K=\frac{1}{2}mv^2$

where m = 1 kg and v = 0.5 m/s is the initial velocity of the mass

- When the spring reaches the maximum compression/stretching (x=A=amplitude), the velocity of the system is zero, so the kinetic energy is zero, and all the mechanical energy is just elastic potential energy:

$E=U=\frac{1}{2}kA^2$

Since the total energy must be conserved, we have:

$\frac{1}{2}mv^2 = \frac{1}{2}kA^2\\A=\sqrt{\frac{m}{k}}v=\sqrt{\frac{1 kg}{7 N/m}}(0.5 m/s)=0.19 m$

5. Amplitude of the motion: 0.44 m

We can use again the law of conservation of energy.

- $E_i = \frac{1}{2}kx_0^2 + \frac{1}{2}mv_0^2$ is the initial mechanical energy of the system, with $x_0=0.4 m$ being the initial displacement of the mass and $v_0=0.5 m/s$ being the initial velocity

$- E_f = \frac{1}{2}kA^2$ is the mechanical energy of the system when x=A (maximum displacement)

Equalizing the two expressions, we can solve to find A, the amplitude:

$\frac{1}{2}kx_0^2 + \frac{1}{2}mv_0^2=\frac{1}{2}kA^2\\A=\sqrt{x_0^2+\frac{m}{k}v_0^2}=\sqrt{(0.4 m)^2+\frac{1 kg}{7 N/m}(0.5 m/s)^2}=0.44 m$

6. Maximum velocity: 1.17 m/s

We can use again the law of conservation of energy.

$- E_f = \frac{1}{2}mv_{max}^2$ is the mechanical energy of the system when x=0, which is when the system has maximum velocity, $v_{max}$

Equalizing the two expressions, we can solve to find $v_{max}$ , the maximum velocity:

$\frac{1}{2}kx_0^2 + \frac{1}{2}mv_0^2=\frac{1}{2}mv_{max}^2\\v_{max}=\sqrt{\frac{k}{m}x_0^2+v_0^2}=\sqrt{\frac{7 N/m}{1 kg}(0.4 m)^2+(0.5 m/s)^2}=1.17 m/s m$

4 0

3 years ago

Read 2 more answers

Flasher units are being discussed. Technician A says that only a DOT-approved flasher unit should be used for turn signals. Tech

zmey [24]

Answer: C

Both Technicians A and B

Explanation:

Only a DOT-approved flasher unit should be used for turn signals. And a parallel (variable-load) flasher will function for turn signal usage, although it will not warn the driver if a bulb burns out.

3 0

3 years ago

To be effective, an exercise program must be?

ExtremeBDS [4]

To be effective, an exercise program must have an aerobic form, portion for strength enhancement, and a stretching part. These three things are essential because they each target specific improvements in your body. For example, aerobics can help you maintain your body’s fitness or make it better. This usually targets your heart rate and ensures that you burn fat while doing so. Second is strength enhancement; this will make sure that your body becomes better – not just in a feeble state. Lastly is stretching, your muscles are like rubber bands. You cannot end or start your exercise program without stretching simply because they can damage your muscles as well. Aside from this, stretching can stop you from shocking your body into a physical activity, which may cause you to lose consciousness or have undue stress and fatigue.

3 0

3 years ago

Read 2 more answers

What two factors are a part of thermohaline circulation

Margarita [4]

Answer:

These deep-ocean currents are driven by differences in the water's density, which is controlled by temperature (thermo) and salinity (haline). This process is known as thermohaline circulation.

Explanation:

7 0

3 years ago

When a jet lands on an aircraft carrier, a hook on the tail of the plane grabs a wire that quickly brings the plane to a halt be

Veronika [31]

The problem seems to be incomplete because there is no question. However, from the problem description, the logical question is to find he acceleration needed by the jet to land on the airplane carrier. The working equation would be:

2ad = v₂² - v₁²
Since the jet stops, v₂ = 0. Substituting the values:
2(a)(95 m) = 0² - [(240 km/h)(1000 m/1 km)(1h/3600 s)]²
Solving for a,
<em>a = -23.39 m/s² (the negative sign indicates that the jet is decelerating)</em>

8 0

3 years ago