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2 years ago

I'm very confused can someone help me please I would really appreciate it

Chemistry

1 answer:

sasho [114]2 years ago

7 0

1. temperature is dependent
2. energy is independent
3. the graph looks like a line sloping upward
4. the line means that as energy increases the temperature also increases
5. a straight line would mean that as energy increases temperature remains constant
sorry that's all I can do

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bonding molecular orbital is lower in energy

antibonding molecular orbital is higher in energy

Explanation:

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The half-life for beta decay of strontium-90 is 28.8 years. a milk sample is found to contain 10.3 ppm strontium-90. how many ye

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Answer : The correct answer is 96.68 yrs

Radioactivity Decay :

it is a process in which a nucleus of unstable atom emit energy in form of radiations like alpha particle , beta particle etc .

Radioactive decay follows first order kinetics , so its rate , rate constant , amount o isotopes can be calculated using first order equations .

The first order equation for radioactive decay can be expressed as :

$ln \frac{N}{N_0} = - k*t$ ----------- equation (1)

Where : N = amount of radioisotope after time "t"

N₀ = Initial amount of radioisotope

k = decay constant and t = time

Following steps can be used to find time :

1) To find deacy constant :

Decay constant can be calculated using half life . Decay constant and half life can be related as :

$T _\frac{1}{2} = \frac{ln2}{k}$ ---------equation (2)

Given : Half life of Strontium -90 = 28.8 years

Plugging value of $T_\frac{1}{2}$ in above formula (equation 2) :

$28.8 yrs = \frac{ln 2}{ k }$

Multiply both side by k

$28.8 yrs * k = \frac{ln 2 }{k} * k$

Dividing both side by 28.8 yrs

$\frac{28.8 yrs * k}{28.8 yrs} = \frac{ln 2}{28.8 yrs}$

(ln 2 = 0.693 )

k = 0.0241 yrs⁻¹

Step 2 : To find time :

Given : N₀ = 10.3 ppm N = 1.0 ppm k = 0.0241 yrs⁻¹

Plugging these value in equation (1) as :

$ln (\frac{1.0 ppm}{10.3 ppm} ) = - 0.0241 yrs^-^1 * t$

$ln (0.0971 ) = -0.0241 yrs ^-^1 * t$

(ln 0.0971 = - 2.33 )

Dividing both side by - 0.0241 yrs⁻¹

$\frac{-2.33}{-0.0241 yrs^-^1} = \frac{-0.0241 yrs^-^1 * t}{-0.0241 yrs^-^1}$

t = 96.68 yrs

Hence the concentration of Strontium-90 will drop from 10.3 ppm to 1.0 ppm is 96.68 yrs

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The Benzenesulfonic acid does not undergo Friedel-Crafts alkylation because of the deactivation of the compound by the carboxylic group.

<h3>What is the Grignard reagent?</h3>

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e) This is because, the reaction may be occurring by an SN1 mechanism and the rate determining step is the formation of the carbocation.

Learn more about substitution reaction:brainly.com/question/16811879

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