Which series of atomic numbers represents the ordering of consecutive elements within the periodic table?
2 answers:
Atomic number is same as the number of protons in the element which is further equal to the number of electrons. As the number of electrons increases in the element, the atomic number of the element also increases.
In periodic table, elements are arranged in the groups, and these groups are columns starting from 1 to 18, elements are arranged in increasing order of atomic number. Elements are placed with difference of one atomic number.
First four elements present in the periodic table is:
atomic number is one (1).
atomic number is two (2).
atomic number is three (3).
atomic number is four (4).
Thus, the series of atomic numbers that represents the ordering of consecutive elements within the periodic table is the last option - 1, 2, 3, 4...
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Please, find the complete question in the picture attached.
Answer:
1. Na₂O
2. AlF₃
3. MgO
4. Ca₃P₂
Explanation:
1. Na⁺ and O²⁻
An ionic compound will be formed when two ions of opposite charge attract each other.
The positive ion is called cation and the negative ion is called anion.
Thus, every ionic compound has a cation and an anion electrostatically bonded.
The ions must combine in a proportion that genders a neutral compound: so you must have as many cations as negative charge has one anion and as many anions as positive charge has one cation.
This is, if the cation has charge +x, there will be x anions, and if the anion has charge -y, there will be y cations.
Simbolically:
As you see, the subscripts for each element in the chemical formula are obtained by the exchage of the charges of the ions.
Then, for Na⁺ and O²⁻, the subscript for Na will be 2 and the subscript for O will be 1; and the formula of the ionic compound formed by this pair ot ions is:
- Na₂O
2. Al³⁺ and F⁻
- The subscript of Al will be 1 (because the F ion has charge 1-, and the subscript of F will be 3 (because the Al ion has charge +3).
Thus the ionic compound formed by this pair of ions is:
- AlF₃
3. Mg²⁺ and S²⁻
- The charge 2+ from Mg atom wil become the subscript 2 of S atom, and the charge 2- will become the subscript 2 of Mg atom:
That results in the formula: Mg₂S₂
Except for some special compounds, the chemical formula is simplified, dividing by the least common denominator. In this case, that means that the two 2 subscripts are simplified to 1, and the final chemical formula for the ionic compound formed by this pair of ions is:
- MgO
4. Ca²⁺ and P³⁻
- The charge 2+ from Ca will become subscript 2 for P and the charge 3- whill become subscript 3 for Ca.
Hence, the ionic compound formed by these two ions is:
- Ca₃P₂
