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MAVERICK [17]
3 years ago
8

The production of ethylene glycol from ethylene chlorohydrin and sodium bicarbonate ↑ is carried out in a semibatch reactor. A 1

.5-molar solution of ethylene chlorohydrin is fed at a rate of 0.1 mole/minute to 1500 dm3 of a 0.75-molar solution of sodium bicarbonate. The reaction is elementary and carried out isothermally at 30°C where the specific reaction rate is 5.1 dm3/mol/h. Higher temperatures produce unwanted side reactions. The reactor can hold a maximum of 2500 dm3 of liquid. Assume constant density.

Chemistry
2 answers:
jarptica [38.1K]3 years ago
6 0

Answer:

The constant density decreases

Explanation:

As the temperature of a solvent increases, the solubility of any gas dissolved in that solvent decreases.

For example:

when the temperature of a river, lake or stream is raised high , due to discharge of hot water from some industrial process the solubility of the oxygen in the water is decreased .The fish and the other organisms that live in the water bodies such as rivers, ponds, lakes etc can survive only in the presence of oxygen and decrease in the concentration of the water due to increased temperature can lead to the death of the fish and this may in turn damage the ecosystem.

In the above example, water is considered as the solvent and the oxygen is considered as the solute. When the temperature of the solvent that is water increases, the solubility of the gas that is oxygen in the solvent decreases.

Therefore the answer is decreases

sergey [27]3 years ago
5 0

Answer:

See explanation.

Explanation:

Hello,

In this case, the undergoing chemical reaction is:

CH_2OHCH_2Cl+NaHCO_3\rightarrow (CH_2OH)_2+NaCl+CO_2\\A+B\rightarrow C+D+E

For which the differential equations in terms of the time variation are:

\frac{dn_A}{dt}= F_{A,0}+r_AV\\\frac{dn_B}{dt}=r_BV\\\frac{dn_C}{dt}=r_CV\\n_D=n_C\\\frac{dV}{dt}=v_0-\frac{r_CVM_{CO_2}}{\rho }

And the implicit equations:

F_{A,0}=0.1mol/min*60min/1h=6.0mol/h\\v_0=(6.0mol/h)/(1.5mol/dm^3)=4dm^3/h\\rho=1000g/L

r_A=-5.1C_AC_B\\r_B=r_A\\r_C=-r_A

C_A=\frac{n_A}{V} \\C_B=\frac{n_B}{V}

Thus, on the attached pictures you will find the conversion, concentrations, rate and volume profiles as well as the number of moles of ethylene glycol considering a maximum volume of 2500 dm³.

This is the code I used on matlab:

-

t=0;

na(1,1)=0;

nb(1,1)=1125;

nc(1,1)=0;

nd(1,1)=0;

V(1,1)=1500;

k=length(na);

C_A(1,1)=0;

C_B(1,1)=0.75;

x(1,1)=0;

t(1,1)=0;

r_A(k,1)=0;

while V(k,1)<2500

   na(k+1,1)=na(k,1)+0.01*(6+r_A(k,1)*V(k,1));

   nb(k+1,1)=nb(k,1)+0.01*(r_A(k,1)*V(k,1));

   nc(k+1,1)=nc(k,1)+0.01*(-r_A(k,1)*V(k,1));

   nd(k+1,1)=nd(k,1)+0.01*(-r_A(k,1)*V(k,1));

   V(k+1,1)=V(k,1)+0.01*(4-(-r_A(k,1))*V(k,1)*44/1000);

   r_A(k+1,1)=-5.1*C_A(k,1)*C_B(k,1);

   C_A(k+1,1)=na(k+1,1)/V(k+1,1);

   C_B(k+1,1)=nb(k+1,1)/V(k+1,1);

   C_C(k+1,1)=nc(k+1,1)/V(k+1,1);

   C_D(k+1,1)=nd(k+1,1)/V(k+1,1);

   x(k+1,1)=(nb(1,1)-nb(k+1,1))/nb(1,1);

   t(k+1,1)=t(k,1)+0.01;

   k=k+1;

end

-

Best regards.

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5 0
3 years ago
A drum used to transport crude oil has a volume of 162 L. How many grams of water, as steam, are required to fill the drum at 1.
Paraphin [41]

Answer:

114.48g

Explanation:

Step 1:

Data obtained from the question:

Volume (V) = 162 L

Pressure (P) = 1.20 atm

Temperature = 100°C = 100°C+ 273 = 373K

Number of mole (n) of H2O =?

Recall:

Gas constant (R) = 0.082atm.L/Kmol

Step 2:

Determination of the number of mole of H2O i.e steam.

Using the ideal gas equation, the number of mole of H2O can be obtained as follow:

PV = nRT

1.2x 162 = n x 0.082 x 373

Divide both side by 0.082 x 373

n = (1.2x 162) /(0.082 x 373)

n = 6.36 moles

Step 3:

Determination of mass of H2O i.e steam:

This is illustrated below:

Molar Mass of H2O = (2x1) + 16 = 2 + 16 = 18g/mol

Number of mole H2O = 6.36 moles

Mass of H2O =?

Mass = number of mole x molar Mass

Mass of H2O = 6.36 x 18

Mass of H2O = 114.48g

Therefore, the mass of H2O i.e steam required to fill the drum of crude oil is 114.48g

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