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4 years ago

Is CO, an air pollutant? How does it differ from other emissions resulting from the combustion of fossil fuels?

Engineering

1 answer:

Drupady [299]4 years ago

4 0

Answer:

Explanation:

CO, carbon monoxide is a toxic gas. It casues asphixiation on people and animals by interfering with hemoglobin, not allowing blood to transport oxygen to the cells in the body.

The normal emissions resulting from the combustion of fussil fuels are CO2 (carbon dioxide) and H2O (water). Carbon monoxide is formed by an incomplete combustion of fossil fuels or carbon containing fuels in general, this not only produces toxic gas, but also is an inefficient combustion that wastes energy.

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What does abbreviation vom stand for

MrMuchimi

It’s Volt Ohm Meter!

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3 years ago

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In a fluid power system, if energy is not transferred to work, what form does it take?

Artyom0805 [142]

Answer:

I think its heat but im not sure

Explanation:

7 0

3 years ago

(20pts) Air T[infinity] = 10 °C and u[infinity] = 100 m/s flows over a flat plate. Assume that the density of air is 1.0 kg/m3 a

miskamm [114]

Answer:

attached below

Explanation:

8 0

3 years ago

A cylindrical specimen of a hypothetical metal alloy is stressed in compression. If its original and final diameters are 30.00 a

IrinaVladis [17]

Answer:

The original length of the specimen $l_{o} = 104.7 mm$

Explanation:

Original diameter $d_{o}$ = 30 mm

Final diameter $d_{1}$ = 30.04 mm

Change in diameter Δd = 0.04 mm

Final length $l_{1}$ = 105.20 mm

Elastic modulus E = 65.5 G pa = 65.5 × $10^{3}$ M pa

Shear modulus G = 25.4 G pa = 25.4 × $10^{3}$ M pa

We know that the relation between the shear modulus & elastic modulus is given by

$G = \frac{E}{2(1 + \mu)}$

$25.5 = \frac{65.5}{2 (1 + \mu)}$

$\mu = 0.28$

This is the value of possion's ratio.

We know that the possion's ratio is given by

$\mu = \frac{\frac{0.04}{30} }{\frac{change \ in \ length}{l_{o} } }$

${\frac{change \ in \ length}{l_{o} } = \frac{\frac{0.04}{30} }{0.28}$

${\frac{change \ in \ length}{l_{o} } =$ 0.00476

$\frac{l_{1} - l_{o} }{l_{o} } = 0.00476$

$\frac{l_{1} }{l_{o} } = 1.00476$

Final length $l_{o}$ = 105.2 m

Original length

$l_{o} = \frac{105.2}{1.00476}$

$l_{o} = 104.7 mm$

This is the original length of the specimen.

5 0

3 years ago

Consider a modification of the air-standard Otto cycle in which the isentropic compression and expansion processes are each repl

Ulleksa [173]

Answer:

The answers to the question are

(1) Process 1 to 2

W = 295.16 kJ/kg

Q = -73.79 kJ/kg

(2) Process 2 to 3

W = 0

Q = 1135.376 kJ/kg

(3) Process 3 to 4

W = -1049.835 kJ/kg

Q = 262.459 kJ/kg

(4) Process 4 to 3

W=0

Q = -569.09 kJ/kg

(b) The thermal efficiency = 49.9 %

Explanation:

(a) Volume compression ratio $\frac{v_1}{v_2} = 10$

Initial pressure p₁ = 1 bar

Initial temperature, T₁ = 310 K

cp = 1.005 kJ/kg⋅K

Temperature T₃ = 2200 K from the isentropic chart of the Otto cycle

For a polytropic process we have

$\frac{p_1}{p_2} = (\frac{v_2}{v_1} )^n$ Therefore p₂ = p₁ ÷ $(\frac{v_2}{v_1} )^n$ = (1 bar) ÷ $(\frac{1}{10} )^{1.3}$ = 19.953 bar

Similarly for a polytropic process we have

$\frac{T_1}{T_2} = (\frac{v_2}{v_1} )^{n-1}$ or T₂ = T₁ ÷ $(\frac{v_2}{v_1} )^{n-1}$ = $\frac{310}{0.1^{0.3}}$ = 618.531 K

The molar mass of air is 28.9628 g/mol.

Therefore R = $\frac{8.3145}{28.9628}$ = 0.287 kJ/kg⋅K

cp = 1.005 kJ/kg⋅K Therefore cv = cp - R = 1.005- 0.287 = 0.718 kJ/kg⋅K

1). For process 1 to 2 which is polytropic process we have

W = $\frac{R(T_2-T_1)}{n-1}$ = $\frac{0.287(618.531-310)}{1.3 - 1}$ = 295.16 kJ/kg

Q = $(\frac{n-\gamma}{\gamma - 1} )W$ = $(\frac{1.3-1.4}{1.4-1} ) 295.16 kJ/kg$ = -73.79 kJ/kg

W = 295.16 kJ/kg

Q = -73.79 kJ/kg

2). For process 2 to 3 which is reversible constant volume heating we have

W = 0 and Q = cv×(T₃ - T₂) = 0.718× (2200-618.531) = 1135.376 kJ/kg

W = 0

Q = 1135.376 kJ/kg

3). For process 3 to 4 which is polytropic process we have

W = $\frac{R(T_4-T_3)}{n-1}$ = Where T₄ is given by $\frac{T_4}{T_3} = (\frac{v_3}{v_4} )^{n-1}$ or T₄ = T₃ × $0.1^{0.3}$

= 2200 × $0.1^{0.3}$ T₄ = 1102.611 K

W = $\frac{0.287(1102.611-2200)}{1.3 - 1}$ = -1049.835 kJ/kg

and Q = 262.459 kJ/kg

W = -1049.835 kJ/kg

Q = 262.459 kJ/kg

4). For process 4 to 1 which is reversible constant volume cooling we have

W = 0 and Q = cv×(T₁ - T₄) = 0.718×(310 - 1102.611) = -569.09 kJ/kg

W=0

Q = -569.09 kJ/kg

(b) The thermal efficiency is given by

$\eta = 1-\frac{T_4-T_1}{T_3-T_2}$ = $1-\frac{1102.611-310}{2200-618.531}$ = 0.499 or 49.9 % Efficient

$p_{m} = \frac{p_1r[(r^{n-1}-1)(r_p-1)]}{ (n-1)(r-1)}$ where r = compression ratio and $r_p$ = $\frac{p_3}{p_2}$

However p₃ = $\frac{p_2T_3}{T_2}$ = $\frac{(19.953)(2200)}{618.531}$ =70.97 atm

$r_p$ = $\frac{p_3}{p_2}$ = $\frac{70.97}{19.953} = 3.56$

Therefore $p_m =\frac{1*10*[(10^{0.3}-1)(3.56-1)]}{0.3*9}$ = 9.44 bar

Please find attached generalized diagrams of the Otto cycle

8 0

3 years ago