<u>Answer:</u> The percentage yield of aspirin is 38.02 %.
<u>Explanation:</u>
To calculate the number of moles, we use the equation:
.....(1)
- <u>For salicylic acid:</u>
Given mass of salicylic acid
= 10.09 g
Molar mass of salicylic acid
= 138.12 g/mol
Putting values in equation 1, we get:
![\text{Moles of salicylic acid}=\frac{10.09g}{138.12g/mol}=0.0730mol](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=%5Ctext%7BMoles%20of%20salicylic%20acid%7D%3D%5Cfrac%7B10.09g%7D%7B138.12g%2Fmol%7D%3D0.0730mol)
The chemical equation for the formation of aspirin follows:
![C_7H_6O_3+C_4H_6O_3\rightarrow C_9H_8O_4+CH_3COOH](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=C_7H_6O_3%2BC_4H_6O_3%5Crightarrow%20C_9H_8O_4%2BCH_3COOH)
As, acetic anhydride is present in excess. So, it is considered as an excess reagent.
Thus, salicylic acid is a limiting reagent because it limits the formation of products.
By Stoichiometry of the reaction:
1 mole of salicylic acid produces 1 mole of aspirin.
So, 0.0730 moles of salicylic acid will produce =
of aspirin
Now, calculating the mass of aspirin from equation 1, we get:
Molar mass of aspirin = 180.16 g/mol
Moles of aspirin = 0.073 moles
Putting values in equation 1, we get:
![0.073mol=\frac{\text{Mass of aspirin}}{180.16g/mol}\\\\\text{Mass of aspirin}=13.15g](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=0.073mol%3D%5Cfrac%7B%5Ctext%7BMass%20of%20aspirin%7D%7D%7B180.16g%2Fmol%7D%5C%5C%5C%5C%5Ctext%7BMass%20of%20aspirin%7D%3D13.15g)
To calculate the percentage yield of aspirin, we use the equation:
![\%\text{ yield}=\frac{\text{Experimental yield}}{\text{Theoretical yield}}\times 100](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=%5C%25%5Ctext%7B%20yield%7D%3D%5Cfrac%7B%5Ctext%7BExperimental%20yield%7D%7D%7B%5Ctext%7BTheoretical%20yield%7D%7D%5Ctimes%20100)
Experimental yield of aspirin = 5.0 g
Theoretical yield of aspirin = 13.15 g
Putting values in above equation, we get:
![\%\text{ yield of aspirin}=\frac{5.0g}{13.15g}\times 100\\\\\% \text{yield of aspirin}=38.02\%](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=%5C%25%5Ctext%7B%20yield%20of%20aspirin%7D%3D%5Cfrac%7B5.0g%7D%7B13.15g%7D%5Ctimes%20100%5C%5C%5C%5C%5C%25%20%5Ctext%7Byield%20of%20aspirin%7D%3D38.02%5C%25)
Hence, the percent yield of aspirin is 38.01 %.