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serg [7]
3 years ago
5

The existence of isotopes violates one of the original ideas of Dalton's atomic theory. Which one?

Chemistry
1 answer:
Colt1911 [192]3 years ago
3 0

Explanation:

One of the Dalton's postulates states that:

The atoms of same element are similar in the shape and the mass and other properties but different from atoms of other elements.

But the existence of isotopes violates this postulate because isotopes are the species which have same atomic number but different atomic mass. <u>For example, carbon exist in three isotopes which are C-12, C-13 and C-14 and have different mass and some properties and is a contradiction of this postulate.</u>

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Written in this form, carbon-13, what does the 13 represent and what is the atomic number?
tigry1 [53]
Explanation:
Carbon has 3 isotopes. Carbon-12, Carbon-13, and Carbon-14
All of them have an atomic number of 6, which means all of them have 6 protons (if they had different numbers of protons, they'd be different elements).
Since they all have 6 protons, in their elemental forms, they all have 6 electrons, too.
Carbon-12:
Atomic number: 6
Mass number: 12
protons: 6
electrons: 6
neutrons: 6
Carbon-13:
Atomic number: 6
Mass number: 13
protons: 6
electrons: 6
neutrons: 7
Carbon-14:
Atomic number: 6
Mass number: 14
protons: 6
electrons: 6
neutrons: 8
8 0
2 years ago
explain why the hydrogen atoms in a hydrogen gas molecule form nonpolar covalent bonds but oxygen and hydrogen atoms in water mo
marishachu [46]

Answer:

Explanation:

Covalent bond:

It is formed by the sharing of electron pair between bonded atoms.  

The atom with larger electronegativity attract the electron pair more towards itself and becomes partial negative while the other atom becomes partial positive.

Non polar covalent bond:

It is the bond where both bonded atoms share the pair of electron equally.

For example:

Hydrogen gas (H₂) is non polar covalent compound because the electronegativity of both bonded atoms are same. No poles are created that's why this is non polar covalent compound.

Polar covalent bond:

It is the bond where both bonded atoms share the pair of electron unequally.

For example:

In water the electronegativity of oxygen is 3.44 and hydrogen is 2.2. That's why electron pair attracted more towards oxygen, thus oxygen becomes partial negative and hydrogen becomes partial positive and bond is polar.

7 0
3 years ago
Base your answer on the information below. in liquid water, an equilibrium exists between h2o() molecules, h+(aq) ions, and oh–(
kicyunya [14]

Answer:

OH^-

Explanation:

Any substance that is able to neutralize acidity in the stomach is generally known as an antacid. There are various kinds of antacids that are in common use. It should be noted that the stomach is usually slightly acidic.

Milk of magnesia is the substance magnesium hydroxide with chemical formula Mg(OH)2. A solution of milk of magnesia contains Mg^2+ and OH^-.

Hence the negative ion contained in milk of magnesia is the hydroxide ion  OH^-.

8 0
3 years ago
A new element (solid at room temperature) is discovered that has:
gtnhenbr [62]

Answer:

A metalloid is a substance that has both the qualities of a metal and a non metal. Metals conduct electricity and have a high melting point.The element described does not conduct electricity until temperatures are reduced therefore it is not a metal. The fact that conduction occurs when temperatures are reduced means that it is not a non metal because non metals do not conduct electricity at all. Therefore the element is a metaloid because it exhibits some properties of a metal and others of a non mental.

Explanation:

5 0
2 years ago
White phosphorus melts and then vaporizes at high temperatures. The gas effuses at a rate that is 0.404 times that of neon in th
Soloha48 [4]

White phosphorus melts and then vaporizes at high temperatures. The gas effuses at a rate that is 0.404 times that of neon in the same apparatus under the same conditions-There are 4 atoms of P in the molecule

Explanation:

Ar=30,97g/mol

R_{Px/R_Ne}=\sqrt{Mr(Ne)/Mr(Px)}=0,404

0,404=\sqrt{20,18/30,97*x}

0,404^{2}=20,18/30,97*x

X=20,18/30,97*0,163

X=4

There are 4 atoms of P in the molecule

White phosphorus melts and then vaporizes at high temperatures. The gas effuses at a rate that is 0.404 times that of neon in the same apparatus under the same conditions-There are 4 atoms of P in the molecule

8 0
3 years ago
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