The amount of heat given by the water to the block of ice can be calculated by using
where
is the mass of the water
is the specific heat capacity of water
is the variation of temperature of the water.
Using these numbers, we find
This is the amount of heat released by the water, but this is exactly equal to the amount of heat absorbed by the ice, used to melt it into water according to the formula:
where
is the mass of the ice while
is the specific latent heat of fusion of the ice.
Re-arranging this formula and using the heat Q that we found previously, we can calculate the mass of the ice:
Thank you for your question, what you say is true, the gravitational force exerted by the Earth on the Moon has to be equal to the centripetal force.
An interesting application of this principle is that it allows you to determine a relation between the period of an orbit and its size. Let us assume for simplicity the Moon's orbit as circular (it is not, but this is a good approximation for our purposes).
The gravitational acceleration that the Moon experience due to the gravitational attraction from the Earth is given by:
ag=G(MEarth+MMoon)/r2
Where G is the gravitational constant, M stands for mass, and r is the radius of the orbit. The centripetal acceleration is given by:
acentr=(4 pi2 r)/T2
Where T is the period. Since the two accelerations have to be equal, we obtain:
(4 pi2 r) /T2=G(MEarth+MMoon)/r2
Which implies:
r3/T2=G(MEarth+MMoon)/4 pi2=const.
This is the so-called third Kepler law, that states that the cube of the radius of the orbit is proportional to the square of the period.
This has interesting applications. In the Solar System, for example, if you know the period and the radius of one planet orbit, by knowing another planet's period you can determine its orbit radius. I hope that this answers your question.
The heat capacity is given by the expression:
When the is measured in the calorimeter, we obtain a value, and since we know the mass of the material and we control the change in , we can then determine the specific heat "C" by simply remplazing in the expression.
Answer:
Potential energy is
Explanation:
The potential energy depends on the mass, the acceleration of gravity g and the height at which the object or person is.
Potential energy
In this case we would need to know the exact mass of the hiker in order to calculate the potential energy.
But we know the values of g and h
So, the potential energy
m is the mass of the hiker, wich is not in the description of the problem.