Since no choices are given, I will describe the reactivity of the element chlorine. A halogen is example of
nonmetal. When compounds containing halogens they are
called salts thus the name “salt – former”. Halogen consists of Fluorine,
Chlorine, Bromine, Iodine, Astatine. An example of is reactivity is the monochlorination of
an alkane, which involves substituting one of the hydrogen atom in the alkane and
exchange it with a chlorine atom.
CH₄ + Cl₂ → CH₃Cl + HCl
The H in methane is substituted with the
Cl in chloride.
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Nitrogen, arsenic, antimony & bismuth
Explanation:
Phosphorus belongs to the 15th group, that is nitrogen family.
Natures are decided by the number of valence electrons.
In a family, all elements have same outer electronic configuration or you say number of electrons.
General electronic con.: ns²np³
Answer:
Al³⁺, S²⁻; Al₂S₃
Explanation:
Al is a metal, so it loses its three valence electrons in a reaction to form Al³⁺ ions.
S is a nonmetal. It needs two more electrons to complete its octet, so it tends to form S²⁻ ions.
We can use the criss-cross method to work out the formula of the compound.
The steps are
- Write the symbols of the anion and cation.
- Criss-cross the numbers of the charges to become the subscripts of the other ion.
- Write the formula with the new subscripts.
- Divide the subscripts by their highest common factor.
- Omit all subscripts that are 1.
When we use this method with Al³⁺ and S²⁻, the formula for the compound formed becomes Al₂S₃ .