There are a few ways to do this- unfortunately different fields are better at it than others! Medical research is generally pretty good, some other fields likewise very good, some not as much.
Basically, though, what they do is use standadisation- they agree on the terminology, units of data, statistical measures, and so forth, that will be used in that scientific field. As much as possible, every scientist in the field uses those standards so everyone working in the field should recognise it.
For instance, in clinical trials, there is very good agreement worldwide on what the different metrics we use are- e.g. in cancer research, we usually want to know the 5-year survival rate (meaning the percentage of patients still alive 5 years after diagnosis). So anyone with the right training should be able to pick up a clinical trial report and understand what the results are and what the report is saying.
I believe the correct answer is A) From crest to crest.
~Silver
Answer:
The resistors will be in parallel to produce a net resistance of 4ohm and current in 20 ohm resistor will be 0.5A and 5ohm resistor will be 2A.
Explanation:
We are given 10 voltage power source and we have two Resistors with resistance of 20 ohm and 5ohm.
We need to find the orientation in which these two resistors would be arranged so that the circuit could get a current of 2.5Ampere.
Using ohm's law we have
V = I*R
V= voltage
I= current
R= resistance
10 = 2.5*R
R = 10/2.5 = 4ohm
that means we need a total of 4ohm resistance from these two resistors.
since the net Resistance(4ohm) is lower than the smallest resistance(5ohm) available that means the orientation of the resistors will be in parallel.

R(net) =4ohm
Now the orientation of the resistors are in parallel so the current will be divided.
we know that the current will divide in opposite manner the arm which provides more resistance less current will flow from there and vice versa.
We know that the voltage in parallel remains same
In 20 ohm resistance
again using ohms law
V = i1*R1
10 = i1*20
i1 = 0.5A
in 5ohm resistor
V=i2*R2
10 = I2*5
i2 =2A
and i1+i2 = 0.5+2= 2.5A which means our calculation is correct.
Therefore the resistors will be in parallel to produce a net resistance of 4ohm and current in 20 ohm resistor will be 0.5A and 5ohm resistor will be 2A.
Should be an air tight seal