1answer.
Ask question
Login Signup
Ask question
All categories
  • English
  • Mathematics
  • Social Studies
  • Business
  • History
  • Health
  • Geography
  • Biology
  • Physics
  • Chemistry
  • Computers and Technology
  • Arts
  • World Languages
  • Spanish
  • French
  • German
  • Advanced Placement (AP)
  • SAT
  • Medicine
  • Law
  • Engineering
Maurinko [17]
3 years ago
14

Benzoic acid is a natural fungicide that naturally occurs in many fruits and berries. The sodium salt of benzoic acid, sodium be

nzoate, is a common additive in food products; it is used for its ability to inhibit the growth of mold, yeast and some bacteria. Consider the titration of a 50.0 ml sample of 0.300 M benzoic acid (HC7H5O2) with 0.250 M NaOH. The ka for benzoic acid is 6.5 x 10-5
a. Calculate the pH after 20.0 mL of base has been added
b. Calculate the pH at the equivalent point (make sure to note any assumptions that have been made)
c. Calculate the pH after 100 mL of the base has been added
Chemistry
1 answer:
AlexFokin [52]3 years ago
4 0

Answer:

a. pH = 2.52

b. pH = 8.67

c. pH = 12.83

Explanation:

The equation of the titration between the benzoic acid and NaOH is:

C₆H₅CO₂H + OH⁻ ⇄ C₆H₅CO₂⁻ + H₂O    (1)

a. To find the pH after the addition of 20.0 mL of NaOH we need to find the number of moles of C₆H₅CO₂H and NaOH:

\eta_{NaOH} = C*V = 0.250 M*0.020 L = 5.00 \cdot 10^{-3} moles

\eta_{C_{6}H_{5}CO_{2}H}i = C*V = 0.300 M*0.050 L = 0.015 moles  

From the reaction between the benzoic acid and NaOH we have the following number of moles of benzoic acid remaining:

\eta_{C_{6}H_{5}CO_{2}H} = \eta_{C_{6}H_{5}CO_{2}H}i - \eta_{NaOH} = 0.015 moles - 5.00 \cdot 10^{-3} moles = 0.01 moles

The concentration of benzoic acid is:

C = \frac{\eta}{V} = \frac{0.01 moles}{(0.020 + 0.050) L} = 0.14 M

Now, from the dissociation equilibrium of benzoic acid we have:

C₆H₅CO₂H + H₂O ⇄ C₆H₅CO₂⁻ + H₃O⁺  

0.14 - x                            x                x

Ka = \frac{[C_{6}H_{5}CO_{2}^{-}][H_{3}O^{+}]}{[C_{6}H_{5}CO_{2}H]}

Ka = \frac{x*x}{0.14 - x}

6.5 \cdot 10^{-5}*(0.14 - x) - x^{2} = 0   (2)  

By solving equation (2) for x we have:          

x = 0.0030 = [C₆H₅CO₂⁻] = [H₃O⁺]

Finally, the pH is:

pH = -log([H_{3}O^{+}]) = -log (0.0030) = 2.52

b. At the equivalence point, the benzoic acid has been converted to its conjugate base for the reaction with NaOH so, the equilibrium equation is:

C₆H₅CO₂⁻ + H₂O  ⇄  C₆H₅CO₂H + OH⁻     (3)

The number of moles of C₆H₅CO₂⁻ is:

\eta_{C_{6}H_{5}CO_{2}^{-}} = \eta_{C_{6}H_{5}CO_{2}H}i = 0.015 moles

The volume of NaOH added is:

V = \frac{\eta}{C} = \frac{0.015 moles}{0.250 M} = 0.060 L

The concentration of C₆H₅CO₂⁻ is:

C = \frac{\eta}{V} = \frac{0.015 moles}{(0.060 L + 0.050 L)} = 0.14 M

From the equilibrium of equation (3) we have:

C₆H₅CO₂⁻ + H₂O  ⇄  C₆H₅CO₂H + OH⁻  

0.14 - x                              x               x

Kb = \frac{[C_{6}H_{5}CO_{2}H][OH^{-}]}{[C_{6}H_{5}CO_{2}^{-}]}

(\frac{Kw}{Ka})*(0.14 - x) - x^{2} = 0

(\frac{1.00 \cdot 10^{-14}}{6.5 \cdot 10^{-5}})*(0.14 - x) - x^{2} = 0

By solving the equation above for x, we have:

x = 4.64x10⁻⁶ = [C₆H₅CO₂H] = [OH⁻]

The pH is:

pOH = -log[OH^{-}] = -log(4.64 \cdot 10^{-6}) = 5.33

pH = 14 - pOH = 14 - 5.33 = 8.67

     

c. To find the pH after the addition of 100 mL of NaOH we need to find the number of moles of NaOH:

\eta_{NaOH}i = C*V = 0.250 M*0.100 L = 0.025 moles

From the reaction between the benzoic acid and NaOH we have the following number of moles remaining:                              

\eta_{NaOH} = \eta_{NaOH}i - \eta_{C_{6}H_{5}CO_{2}H} = 0.025 moles - 0.015 moles = 0.010 moles                          

The concentration of NaOH is:

C = \frac{\eta}{V} = \frac{0.010 moles}{0.100 L + 0.050 L} = 0.067 M

Therefore, the pH is given by this excess of NaOH:         

pOH = -log([OH^{-}]) = -log(0.067) = 1.17

pH = 14 - pOH = 12.83

I hope it helps you!    

You might be interested in
How are covelant and ionic bonds different and what types of elements combine to form each?
icang [17]

Answer:

Ionic bonds result from the transfer of electrons from one atom to another

Explanation:

In covalent bonds, atoms share electrons, whereas in ionic bonds atoms transfer electrons. The reaction components of covalent bonds are electrically neutral, whereas for ionic bonds they are both charged.Covalent bonds are formed between two non-metals, whereas ionic bonds are formed between a metal and non-metal.  

7 0
2 years ago
Read 2 more answers
How do u draw an electron dot diagram of an aluminum atom
xenn [34]

Answer:

you tell me

Explanation:

5 0
3 years ago
Read 2 more answers
At the end of the reaction you washed the chemicals into a beaker using water. Why was it OK to use water to do this if Grignard
lesya692 [45]

Answer: water could be used to wash it since the reaction has ended.

Explanation:

There will be no reaction of water with the Grignard reagent since the reaction has ended, as it is well known that water is a universal solvent for washing of glasswares after experiments but if it is during the reaction it will be more advisable to rinse with alcohol to enhance more accuracy during the experiment

7 0
3 years ago
HELP 20 points!
monitta

Answer:

The limiting reagent is the reactant that is completely used up in a reaction, and thus determines when the reaction stops. ... The limiting reagent is the one that is totally consumed; it limits the reaction from continuing because there is none left to react with the in-excess reactant.

Explanation:

The limiting reagent is the reactant that is completely used up in a reaction, and thus determines when the reaction stops. ... The limiting reagent is the one that is totally consumed; it limits the reaction from continuing because there is none left to react with the in-excess reactant.

5 0
2 years ago
Which substance is the reducing agent in this reaction? 2KMnO4+3Na2SO3+H2O→2MnO2+3Na2SO4+2KOH
olganol [36]
I believe <span>Na2SO3  is the solution to the problem.</span>
6 0
2 years ago
Read 2 more answers
Other questions:
  • Which of the following is an example of a homogeneous mixture?
    7·2 answers
  • What is the order of energy sources for least net carbon dioxide emission?
    13·1 answer
  • PLEASE HELP ME 10 POINTS
    13·2 answers
  • Which is the best definition of non polar covalent bond?
    5·2 answers
  • Which of the following would a chemist be most likely to study? A. what happens when a moving car comes to a stop B. what happen
    14·1 answer
  • What type of combination of two chemicals produces an effect that is equal to their individual effects taken together?
    6·1 answer
  • How does reducing the use of packaging and other materials conserve resources
    6·1 answer
  • Summarize the feedback loop (transfer of energy) between the microbes and the mushrooms. (Video #1)
    7·1 answer
  • Element
    5·1 answer
  • What is the net ionic equation for this reaction?
    11·1 answer
Add answer
Login
Not registered? Fast signup
Signup
Login Signup
Ask question!