Answer:
D.) Matter.... would be your answer 
 
        
             
        
        
        
Discovery               In 1928 it was discovered by Frederick Griffith in an experiment generally known as transformation.
Experiment
                   In his experiment he considered two strains of <em>streptococus pneumonia,</em> one was R-type which was non-virulent and cause no disease in mice, other was virulent and S-type which cause disease and at last death of mice.
This experiment was comprised of four steps which are as follow:
 Step 1:           First he injected living strain of S into mice, after sometime mouce died.
Step 2:          He injected living strain of R into mice, the mice alive as he did not got any disease.
Step 3:         He injected heat killed strain of S into mice and mice remain alive.
Step 4:           He mixed living R strain with heat killed S strain and then inject into mice. As a result the mice died.
Conclusion:                  It was found that genetic material from heat killed S stain were transferred to living R (non-virulent) strain, as a result R become virulent and cause the death of mice.
 
        
             
        
        
        
Answer of Q.1. is:
C] Ferns
While, Answer of Q.2 is ;
B] Mollusks
 
        
             
        
        
        
Hi! 
Rock pools are exactly what they sound like. They are rocky pools by the sea. They are usually found in the intertidal zone. During the occurrence of a high tide, they are filled with seawater. During low tide, they usually become/exist as separate pools.
Hope this helps, have a wonderful day/night!