The correct option is A. To calculate the binding energy, you have to find the mass defect first. Mass defect = [mass of proton and neutron] - Mass of the nucleus The molar mass of thorium that we are given in the question is 234, the atomic number of thorium is 90, that means the number of neutrons in thorium is 234 - 90 = 144. The of proton in thourium is 90, same as the atomic number. Mass defect = {[90 * 1.00728] +[144* 1.00867]} - 234 Note that each proton has a mass of 1.00728 amu and each neutron has the mass of 1.00867 amu. Mass defect = [90.6552 + 145.24848] - 234 = 1.90368 amu. Note that the unit of the mass is in amu, it has to be converted to kg To calculate the mass in kg Mass [kg] = 1.90368 * [1kg/6.02214 * 10^-26 = 3.161135 * 10^-27 To calculate the binding energy E = MC^2 C = Speed of light constant = 2.9979245 *10^8 m/s2 E = [3.161135 * 10^-27] * [2.9979245 *10^8]^2 E = 2.84108682069 * 10^-10. Note that we arrive at this answer because of the number of significant figures that we used. So, from the option given, Option A is the nearest to the calculated value and is our answer for this problem.
Kinetic energy is the energy possessed by a body while in motion. Potential energy on the other hand is the energy possessed by a body based on its position.
Kinetic energy of a body is determined by the equation; K.E = 3RT/2;
From the equation, kinetic energy is directly proportional to the temperature of the system and therefore an increase in the kinetic energy of a sample causes an increase in temperature of the system.
Hydroxylation is a chemical process that introduces a hydroxyl group (-OH) into an organic compound. In biochemistry, hydroxylation reactions are often facilitated by enzymes called hydroxylases. Hydroxylation is the first step in the oxidative degradation of organic compounds in air.
