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Anestetic [448]
4 years ago
10

Light passes from a material with index of refraction 1.3 into one with index of refraction 1.2. Compared to the incident ray, w

hat happens to the refracted ray?
Physics
1 answer:
pav-90 [236]4 years ago
4 0

Answer:

It bends away from the normal

Explanation:

From Snell's law of Refraction, when a ray passes from a medium of lower Refractive index to a medium with higher Refractive index, the Refractive ray will bend towards the normal. However, when the ray passes from a medium of higher Refractive index to a medium of lower Refractive index, the Refractive ray will bend away from the normal.

Now, from the question we are told that Light passes from a material with index of refraction 1.3 into one with index of refraction 1.2.

This means from a higher Refractive index to a lower one and from Snell's law as earlier said, the refracted ray will bend away from the normal

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The greatest speed with which an athlete can jump vertically is around 5 m/sec. Determine the speed at which Earth would move do
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Answer:

Approximately 2.0 \times 10^{-23}\; \rm m \cdot s^{-1} if that athlete jumped up at 1.8\; \rm m \cdot s^{-1}. (Assuming that g = 9.81\; \rm m\cdot s^{-1}.)

Explanation:

The momentum p of an object is the product of its mass m and its velocity v. That is: p = m \cdot v.

Before the jump, the speed of the athlete and the earth would be zero (relative to each other.) That is: v(\text{athlete, before}) = 0 and v(\text{earth, before}) = 0. Therefore:

\begin{aligned}& p(\text{athlete, before}) = 0\end{aligned} and p(\text{earth, before}) = 0.

Assume that there is no force from outside of the earth (and the athlete) acting on the two. Momentum should be conserved at the instant that the athlete jumped up from the earth.

Before the jump, the sum of the momentum of the athlete and the earth was zero. Because momentum is conserved, the sum of the momentum of the two objects after the jump should also be zero. That is:

\begin{aligned}& p(\text{athlete, after}) + p(\text{earth, after}) \\ & =p(\text{athlete, before}) + p(\text{earth, before}) \\ &= 0\end{aligned}.

Therefore:

p(\text{athelete, after}) = - p(\text{earth, after}).

\begin{aligned}& m(\text{athlete}) \cdot v(\text{athelete, after}) \\ &= - m(\text{earth}) \cdot v(\text{earth, after})\end{aligned}.

Rewrite this equation to find an expression for v(\text{earth, after}), the speed of the earth after the jump:

\begin{aligned} &v(\text{earth, after}) \\ &= -\frac{m(\text{athlete}) \cdot v(\text{athlete, after})}{m(\text{earth})} \end{aligned}.

The mass of the athlete needs to be calculated from the weight of this athlete. Assume that the gravitational field strength is g = 9.81\; \rm N \cdot kg^{-1}.

\begin{aligned}& m(\text{athlete}) = \frac{664\; \rm N}{9.81\; \rm N \cdot kg^{-1}} \approx 67.686\; \rm N\end{aligned}.

Calculate v(\text{earth, after}) using m(\text{earth}) and v(\text{athlete, after}) values from the question:

\begin{aligned} &v(\text{earth, after}) \\ &= -\frac{m(\text{athlete}) \cdot v(\text{athlete, after})}{m(\text{earth})} \\ &\approx -2.0 \times 10^{-23}\; \rm m \cdot s^{-1}\end{aligned}.

The negative sign suggests that the earth would move downwards after the jump. The speed of the motion would be approximately 2.0 \times 10^{-23}\; \rm m \cdot s^{-1}.

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Consider a wire of a circular cross-section with a radius of R = 3.17 mm. The magnitude of the current density is modeled as J =
Sloan [31]

Answer:

The current is  I  = 8.9 *10^{-5} \  A

Explanation:

From the question we are told that

     The  radius is r =  3.17 \  mm  =  3.17 *10^{-3} \ m

      The current density is  J =  c\cdot r^2  =  9.00*10^{6}  \ A/m^4 \cdot r^2

      The distance we are considering is  r =  0.5 R  =  0.001585

Generally current density is mathematically represented as

          J  =  \frac{I}{A }

Where A is the cross-sectional area represented as

         A  =  \pi r^2

=>      J  =  \frac{I}{\pi r^2  }

=>    I  =  J  *  (\pi r^2 )

Now the change in current per unit length is mathematically evaluated as

        dI  =  2 J  *  \pi r  dr

Now to obtain the current (in A) through the inner section of the wire from the center to r = 0.5R we integrate dI from the 0 (center) to point 0.5R as follows

         I  = 2\pi  \int\limits^{0.5 R}_{0} {( 9.0*10^6A/m^4) * r^2 * r} \, dr

         I  = 2\pi * 9.0*10^{6} \int\limits^{0.001585}_{0} {r^3} \, dr

        I  = 2\pi *(9.0*10^{6}) [\frac{r^4}{4} ]  | \left    0.001585} \atop 0}} \right.

        I  = 2\pi *(9.0*10^{6}) [ \frac{0.001585^4}{4} ]

substituting values

        I  = 2 *  3.142  *  9.00 *10^6 *   [ \frac{0.001585^4}{4} ]

        I  = 8.9 *10^{-5} \  A

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4 years ago
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