Answer:
Explanation:
"El comercio internacional de mascotas exóticas es un factor importante y creciente de la pérdida de biodiversidad y, a menudo, compromete los estándares requeridos para un buen bienestar animal; una quinta parte de los informes recientes sobre el comercio de vida silvestre se debió a la demanda de mascotas o animales para su uso en entretenimiento; cosecha insostenible de animales salvajes
Answer:
In simple words, Enterprise apps are created to bring together a variety of activities and procedures. To facilitate coordination and decision-making, enterprise systems combine a company's major internal business operations into an unified software platform . Supply chains administration software assists a company in managing its relationships with vendors in order to improve product planning, procurement, production, and supply of commodities.
<span>With respect to organizational change, this would also represent a change in the type of waste machines that are used in the Industry. Since the EPA is targeting a 30% reduction of waste generated by coal-fired powerplants, the manufacturing industries are now required to adapt the new method that is establish to minimize carbon footprint.</span>
The existence of pre-tax cost of debt and post-tax cost of debt is due
to the acknoledgement of the tax benefit from issuing debt.There is no
tax benefit from paying divdends,so it makes no sense talking about
pre-tax,post-tax cost of equity for a firm.When you think about cash
flow to equity you can only assume that the taxes owed by the company
have already been paid.Now, the taxation over the income of the
shareholder is a whole different issue that does not take place in this
discussion,since it is not taken in consideration either in cost of
equity or cost of debt.
Answer:
The WACC before bond issuance is 3.9% and the WACC after bond issuance is 3.71%
Explanation:
In order to calculate the WACC before bond issuance
, we would have to calculate first the cost of equity using capital asset pricing model
.
So Using CAPM we have Rf + Beta x Market risk premium
=
0.5% + 0.85 * 4%
= 3.9%
. cost of equity
Therefore WACC before bond issuance = (Cost of equity x weight of equity + cost of debt (1-tax) x weight of debt)
= 3.9%
. WACC before bond issuance will be equal to cost of equity in this case as there is no debt issue.
In order to calculate the WACC after bond issuance we make the following calculation:
WACC after bond issuance = (Cost of equity x weight of equity + cost of debt (1-tax) x weight of debt)
= (3.9% x 0.9) + (2% x 0.1)
= 3.51% + 0.2%
= 3.71%
