The only exception of calculating mechanical advantage is by multiplying resistance force by effort force. For example, in calculating the mechanical advantage of a lever, we consider its output and input forces. The equation would now be as follows:
Mechanical advantage = output force / input force
A scientific law is a statement that is universally accepted and answers the "how?" question.
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Answer: an increase in the concentration of
in aqueous solutions and is capable of donating one or more 
Explanation:
According to Arrhenius concept, a base is defined as a substance which donates hydroxide ions
when dissolved in water and an acid is defined as a substance which donates hydrogen ions
in water.
According to the Bronsted Lowry conjugate acid-base theory, an acid is defined as a substance which donates protons and a base is defined as a substance which accepts protons.
According to the Lewis concept, an acid is defined as a substance that accepts electron pairs and base is defined as a substance which donates electron pairs.
Thus According to the Arrhenius concept, an acid is a substance that causes an increase in the concentration of
in aqueous solutions and is capable of donating one or more 