Short version:
Ecosystems generally change in a series of ecosystems in what is called ecological succession to whatever climax ecosystem there is for a given area. You would also expect some disruptions like fires.
Long version:
Ecological succession is the process of change in the species structure of an ecological community over time. The time scale can be decades (for example, after a wildfire), or even millions of years after a mass extinction.[1]
The community begins with relatively few pioneering plants and animals and develops through increasing complexity until it becomes stable or self-perpetuating as a climax community. The "engine" of succession, the cause of ecosystem change, is the impact of established species upon their own environments. A consequence of living is the sometimes subtle and sometimes overt alteration of one's own environment.
It is a phenomenon or process by which an ecological community undergoes more or less orderly and predictable changes following a disturbance or the initial colonization of a new habitat. Succession may be initiated either by formation of new, unoccupied habitat, such as from a lava flow or a severe landslide, or by some form of disturbance of a community, such as from a fire, severe windthrow, or logging. Succession that begins in new habitats, uninfluenced by pre-existing communities is called primary succession, whereas succession that follows disruption of a pre-existing community is called secondary succession.
Succession was among the first theories advanced in ecology. The study of succession remains at the core of ecological science. Ecological succession was first documented in the Indiana Dunes of Northwest Indiana which led to efforts to preserve the Indiana Dunes. Exhibits on ecological succession are displayed in the Hour Glass, a museum in Ogden Dunes.
An example where space would be a limiting factor would be this: Wolves live in a very good habitat for them - there are plenty of animals to be found and eaten. However, because their current habitat is rather limited, they cannot expand beyond a certain size because otherwise they would interfere with the habitat of each other and also reduce the amount of necessary food in the environment.
The correct answer would be B I hope.
Hope this helps
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I think the answer would be all of them but im not sure about the third part
If pesticides drastically reduced the number of caterpillars in the food chain then .All populations might be exceedingly unaffected.
<h3>What is the way to protect ?</h3>
During cyclonic weather, tobacco caterpillar, S. litura also can be managed with the aid of using placing jaggery and rice bran baits. This is ready with the aid of using dissolving 6.25 kg jaggery in 12.five litres of water and including to this emamectin benzoate five SG two hundred ml.
TSR Bio Organic Garden Pesticide supplying Caterpillar Killer that is a effective device for combating towards the wrath of caterpillars. These now no longer simplest kill the grownup caterpillars however additionally wreck their larvae, thereby limiting their growth.
Read more about the food chain:
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