Answer:
Explanation:
2 HgCl₂ + C₂O₄²⁻ = 2 Cl⁻ + Hg₂Cl₂ + 2CO₂
1 )
Rate of reaction
[HgCl₂] [C₂O₄²⁻ ] Rate
1 . .124 .115 1.61 x 10⁻⁵
2 . .248 .115 3.23 x 10⁻⁵
3 . .124 .229 6.4 x 10⁻⁵
4 . .248 .229 1.28 x 10⁻⁴
comparing 1 and 3 , when concentration of HgCl₂ remains constant and concentration of C₂O₄²⁻ becomes twice , rate becomes 4 times so rate is proportional to square of concentration of C₂O₄²⁻ .
Hence n = 2
comparing 1 and 2 , when concentration of HgCl₂ becomes twice and concentration of C₂O₄²⁻ remains constant , rate becomes 2 times so rate is proportional to simply concentration of C₂O₄²⁻ .
Hence m = 1
Putting the data of 1 in the rate equation found
1.61 x 10⁻⁵ = k x .124 x .115²
k = 11.3 x 10⁻⁴ M⁻² s⁻¹
Explanation:
The reaction is as follows.
Standard values of bond energies are as follows.
C-C = 347 kJ/mol
C-H = 414 kJ/mol
C-O = 360 kJ/mol
O-H = 464 kJ/mol
O=O = 498 kJ/mol
C=O = 799 kJ/mol
Hence, calculate the change in enthalpy of the reaction as follows.
= [5(C-H) + 1(C-C) + 1(C-O) + 1(O-H) + 3(O=O)] - [4(C=O) + 6(O-H)]
=
= (4735 - 5980) kJ
= -1245 kJ
Thus, we can conclude that the enthalpy of given reaction is -1245 kJ.
Answer:
a. very acidic
Explanation:
A solution with a pH of 1.6 would be described as a very acidic solution.
The pH scale is a convenient scale for expressing the level of acidity or alkalinity of aqueous solutions.
The scale ranges from 1 to 14 in which case 1 is the lower limit and 14 the upper limit.
- An acidic solution has a pH value less than 7. As pH decreases, the acidity of the solution increases.
- Neutral solutions have a pH of 7
- An alkaline solution has a pH greater than 7 and the level of alkalinity increases as pH increases.