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ehidna [41]
2 years ago
7

A large container of water and a small one are at the same temperature. What can be said about the relative vapor pressures of t

he water in the two containers?
Chemistry
1 answer:
LenaWriter [7]2 years ago
6 0

Answer:

The relative vapor pressure in both containers is the same

Explanation:

<em>Vapor pressure</em> is a property that indicates a liquid's evaporation rate. This property is not dependant on surface area or volume of liquid. So as long as the large container and the small container are at the same temperature, the relative vapor pressure of water will be the same.

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For ethanol, propanol, and n-butanol the boiling points, surface tensions, and viscosities all increase. What is the reason for
vekshin1

Answer:

First choice. The boiling points, surface tension, and viscosities all increase because the strength of dispersion forces increases.

Explanation:

Those properties, <em>boiling points, surface tension, and viscosities</em> are due to the attractive intermolecular forces of the substances.

<em>Ethanol, propanol, and n-butanol</em> (three alcohols) have these chemical formulae:

  • <em>Ethatnol</em>: CH₃CH₂ OH
  • <em>Propanol</em>: CH₃ CH₂ CH₂ OH
  • <em>n-butanol</em>: CH₃CH₂ CH₂ CH₂ OH

So, the molecules of those substances are polar and exhibit all these types of intermolecular bonding forces:

  •    <u>Dipole-dipole interactions</u>: attractive forces between the positive end of one polar molecule and the negative end of another polar molecule;
  •    <u>London dispersion forces</u>:  a temporary attractive force that results of temporary assymetry in the electron distribution around the nuclei. This occurs when the electrons in two adjacent atoms occupy positions that cause the atoms form temporary dipoles. These forces exist between any two molecules when they are very, very close to each other (almost touching).
  •    <u>Hydrogen bonding</u>: the strongest intermolecular force. It is a type of dipole-dipole attraction, which arises between an hydrogen atom covalently bonded to a very electronegative atom (in this case oxygen) and the very electronegative atom (oxygen) of a neighboor molecule.

What answer your question is that such <em>hydrogen bonding and dipole-dipole interactions</em> are similar for all the three alcohols, <em>ethanol, propanol, and n-butano</em>l, so they are not responsible for the difference in the mentioned properties, boiling points, surface tension, and viscosities. What is different is the <em>dispersion forces</em>: they increase as the size of the alcohols increase.

As the molecules contain more carbon atoms, lengthen, contain more electrons and, as consequence, the dispersion forces become greater (the magnitude of the temporary dipoles formed increase). This explains the validity of the first statement, that <em>the boiling points, surface tension, and viscosities, all increase because the strength fo the dispersion forces increase.</em>

7 0
3 years ago
What is light?
xxTIMURxx [149]
1. A wave of vibrating electric and magnetic energy

7 0
3 years ago
Assume the volume of the crew cabin is 74,000 L. The pressure is maintained at around 1.00 atm, ideally with an 80% nitrogen and
hjlf

Answer:

The number of moles of oxygen present in the crew cabin at any given time is 615.309 moles

Explanation:

The given parameters are;

Volume of the crew cabin = 74,000 L

Pressure of the crew cabin = 1.00 atm

Percentage of nitrogen in the mixture of gases in the cabin = 80%

Percentage of oxygen in the mixture of gases in the cabin = 20%

Temperature of the cabin = 20°C = 293.15 K

Therefore, volume of oxygen in the crew cabin = 20% of 74,000 L

Hence, volume of oxygen in the crew cabin = \frac{20}{100} \times 74,000 \, L = 14,800 \, L

From the universal gas equation, we have;

n = \frac{P \times V}{R  \times  T}

Where:

n = Number of moles  of oxygen

P = Pressure = 1.00 atm

V = Volume of oxygen = 14,800 L

T = Temperature = 293.15 K

R = Universal Gas Constant = 0.08205 L·atm/(mol·K)

Plugging in the values, we have;

n = \frac{1 \times 14,800 }{0.08205   \times  293.15 } = 615.309 \, moles

The number of moles of oxygen present in the crew cabin at any given time = 615.309 moles.

3 0
3 years ago
ANSWER FAST!!
belka [17]

Answer: 800 mL of methyl alcohol should be added to 200 ml of water to make this solution.

Explanation:

Volume of the methyl alcohol = x

Volume of water = y = 200 mL

Volume of the solution ,V = x + y

Volume percentage of solution = 80%

x = 800 mL

800 mL of methyl alcohol should be added to 200 ml of water to make this solution.

4 0
2 years ago
3. Why do you think the image of the pencil inside the beaker of water is different than the pencil
tia_tia [17]

Answer:

the water.

Explanation:

well the water makes things look larger than due to ( the surface of a water drop curves outwards to make a dome. this outward or convex, curature light rays inward. the result is an enlarge ment image on the eye. / makes it look larger) + more mass.

6 0
3 years ago
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