Answer:
a) and d) are false.
Explanation:
a) The second law of thermodynamics states that t<u>he entropy of the universe increases in a spon
taneous process and remains unchanged in an equilibrium process.</u>
For a spontaneous process:
ΔSuniv = ΔSsys + ΔSsurr > 0
For a spontaneous process, the second law says that ΔSuniv must be greater than zero, but it does not place a restriction on either ΔSsys or ΔSsurr. Thus, it is possible for either ΔSsys or ΔSsurr to be negative, as long as the sum of these two quantities is greater than zero.
d) <u>A reaction that does occur under the given set of conditions is called a</u> spontaneous reaction. We observe spontaneous physical and chemical processes every day, including many of the following examples:
• A waterfall runs downhill, but never up, spontaneously.
• A lump of sugar spontaneously dissolves in a cup of coffee, but dissolved sugar does not spontaneously reappear in its original form.
• Heat flows from a hotter object to a colder one, but the reverse never happens spontaneously.
Proton mass = 1.00728 amu
neutron mass = 1.0086 amu
electron mass = 0.000549 amu
so the mass is :
(7 * 1.00728) - (7 * 1.0086) - (7 * 0.000549) - 14.003074
= 0.11235 amu
Answer:
long toes
Explanation:
the other traits are personality related, not a biological factor. they can be learned, but not inherited
The charge is 0. the 25 protons cancel out with the charge of the 25 electrons and the 30 neutrons are neutral. So the charge is neutral and 0.
(99% of the total mass). 49% of carbon, 44% of oxygen, 6% of hydrogen, 0.1-0.3% of nitrogen.