A chemistry student must write down in her lab notebook the concentration of a solution of potassium chloride. The concentration
of a solution equals the mass of what's dissolved divided by the total volume of the solution. Here's how the student prepared the solution: The label on the graduated cylinder says: empty weight: She put some solid potassium chloride into the graduated cylinder and weighed it. With the potassium chloride added, the cylinder weighed . She added water to the graduated cylinder and dissolved the potassium chloride completely. Then she read the total volume of the solution from the markings on the graduated cylinder. The total volume of the solution was . What concentration should the student write down in her lab notebook? Be sure your answer has the correct number of significant digits
1 answer:
Answer:
3.65 g / ml correct to 3 sig. fig.
Explanation:
The computation of the concentration required is shown below:
As we know that
[A] = mass of solute ÷ volume of solution
Before that first find the mass of solute
Given that
Initial weight = 5.55g
And,
Final weight = 92.7 g
So,
Mass of KCl is
= 92.7 - 5.55
= 87.15 g ~ 87.2 g
Now the KCi is fully dissolved, so the volume is 23.9 ml
So, concentration is
= 87.2 g ÷ 23.9 ml
= 3.65 g / ml correct to 3 sig. fig.
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There's no need for prefixes since K₂O is an ionic compound.
<h3>Explanation</h3>Find the two elements on a periodic table:
- Potassium- K- on the left end of period four.
- Oxygen- O- near the right end of periodic two.
Elements on the bottom-left corner of the periodic table are metals. Those on the top-right corner are nonmetals.
- Potassium is a metal,
- Oxygen is a nonmetal.
A metal and a nonmetal combine to form an ionic compound. Potassium oxide is likely to be an ionic compound. It contains two types of ions:
- Potassium ions: Potassium is group 1 of the periodic table. It is an alkaline metal. Like other alkaline metals such as sodium Na, potassium K tends to lose one electron and form ions of charge +1 in compounds. The ion would be K⁺.
- Oxide ions from oxygen: Oxygen is the second most electronegative element on the periodic table. It tends to gain two electrons and form the oxide ion
when it combines with metals.
The two types of ions carry opposite charges. They shall pair up at a certain ratio such that they balance the charge on each other. The charge on each ion is twice that on a
ion. Each
would pair up with two
. Hence the subscript in the formula:
.
There are two classes of compounds:
- Covalent compounds, which need prefixes, and
- Ionic compounds, which need no prefix.
Prefixes are needed only in covalent compounds. For instance in the covalent compound carbon dioxide , the prefix di- indicates that there are two oxygen atoms in the formula
. However, there's no need for prefix in ionic compounds such as
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