As the light pass through different media, it experiences a refraction. This is a phenomenon where the speed and direction of light changes. If the ray of light moves towards the normal line, the angle is decreased. So, is the speed of that light.
To solve this exercise it is necessary to apply the concepts related to Robert Boyle's law where:

Where,
P = Pressure
V = Volume
T = Temperature
n = amount of substance
R = Ideal gas constant
We start by calculating the volume of inhaled O_2 for it:


Our values are given as
P = 1atm
T=293K 
Using the equation to find n, we have:




Number of molecules would be found through Avogadro number, then


In order to compute the final velocity of the trains, we may apply the principle of conservation of momentum which is:
initial momentum = final momentum
m₁v₁ = m₂v₂
The final mass of the trains will be:
10,000 + 10,000 = 20,000 kg
Substituting the values into the equation:
10,000 * 3 = 20,000 * v
v = 1.5 m/s
The final velocity of the trains will be 1.5 m/s
Answer:
23
Explanation:
The line starts at 31, it then drops down to about 23. It then drops even more to about 14. It then raises to 20 and then raises to 23.
Hope this helps!