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Rom4ik [11]
3 years ago
15

The reaction below is at equilibrium at a temperature T. There are four possible changes listed. Select all the changes that wil

l shift the equilibrium so as to produce more products
MgO(s) + SO3(g) + 95 kJ <======> MgSO4(s)
I – Increase the temperature
II – Increase the volume
III – Add more MgO
IV – Remove SO3

(A) I and III
(B) I
(C) I, II and III
(D) I, II, III and IV
Chemistry
1 answer:
katovenus [111]3 years ago
6 0

Answer:

The correct answer is B.

Explanation:

Heterogeneous equilibrium is that in which reagents and products are present in more than one phase.

When the reaction is carried out in a closed container, three equilibrium phases are present: solid magnesium oxide, solid magnesium sulfate and gaseous sulfur trioxide.

Hence, the equilibrium contant is given by:

K=\frac{[MgSO_4]}{[MgO][SO_3]} =\frac{1}{[SO_3]}

The concentrations in the equilibrium equation are the relationships of the real concentrations between the concentrations in the standard state. Since the standard state of a pure solid is the pure solid itself, the ratio of concentrations for a pure solid is equal to one.

Now, we analyse each statement:

I) As the reaction is endothermic (ΔH>0), increasing the temperature shifts the balance to the right because excess heat will be used to form more products.

II) Increasing the volume will decrease the concentration of SO₃, so Q>K and then this shifts the balance to the left.

III) As it is a heterogeneous balance, adding MgO will not affect the balance.

IV) Removing SO3 will decrease its concentration and therefore the reaction equilibrium will shift to the left.

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The quantum numbers for the last electron placed in three elements are listed below. Which of these is(are) NOT correct? Er (4 3
UNO [17]

Answer:

The three elements Erbium, Thallium and Osmium have incorrect quantum numbers for the last electron placed.

Explanation:

The 4 quantum numbers are (<em>n,l,ml,ms</em>):

  • <em>n</em> (Principal quantum number): it is the <u>number of the shell (level)</u> where the electron is placed.
  • <em>l </em>(Angular momentum quantum number or Secondary): it represents the <u>sublevel where the electron is</u> placed. There are 4 subleves: s, p d and f so secondary quantum number can take the number 0 (s), 1 (p), 2 (d) or 3 (f) depending on which sublevel the electron is placed.
  • <em>ml</em> (Magnetic quantum number):  it represents the <u>spatial orientation</u> of the electron <u>in respect of the sublevel the electron</u> is placed. For example: if the electron occupies the <em>s sublevel</em> the magnetic number will be <em>0</em>, if the electron occupies the <em>p sublevel</em> the magnetic number could be <em>-1,0,1</em>, if the electron occupies the <em>d sublevel</em> the magnetic number could be <em>-2,-1,0,1,2</em> and if the electron occupies the <em>f sublevel</em> the magnetic number could be <em>-3,-2,-1,0,1,2,3</em>. You can see this in the attachment related to the correct sublevel for the example.
  • <em>ms</em> (Spin quantum number): this number represents the possible rotation of the electron so it could be 1/2 (which is represented by an up arrow) or -1/2 (represented by an down arrow).

Let's analyze the last electron of each element. You can see the attachment for better understanding. The last electron it is represented with orange color.

- Erbium:

This element has 68 electrons so following the Moeller's Diagram to fill the the electronic configuration, we found that the last electron of Erbium it is in the <u>4th level </u>(shell), in the <u>f sublevel</u>. As Erbium has 12 electrons in the f sublevel, it is necessary to follow the Hund's rule (electrons must be placed singly in every sublevel before place a parallel electron) to placed correctly all of them. Finally, the last electron of Erbium stays in the middle of the sublevel and it is represented by a down arrow so the correct quantum numbers in the Erbium element are (4,3,1,-1/2).

- Thallium:

This element has 81 electrons and following the Moeller's Diagram, we found that it last electron it is in the <u>6th level</u>, in the <u>p sublevel</u>. As Thallium has 1 electron in the p sublevel, it is placed singly in the sublevel. So the last electron of Thallium it is represented by an up arrow so the correct quantum numbers in the Thallium element are (6,1,-1,1/2).

- Osmium:

Osmium has 76 electrons and following the steps  that we did with we the other elements, we noticed that its last electron it is in the <u>5th level</u>, in the <u>d sublevel</u>. Following the Hund's rule the last electron of Osmium has a magnetic quantum number of -2 and its spin quantum number is -1/2, so the quantum numbers in the Osmium element are (5,2,-2,-1/2).

<u>Note:</u>

- Remember that the <em>s sublevel</em> has place for 2 electrons, the <u>p sublevel</u> has place for 6 electrons, the <u>d sublevel</u> has place for 10 electrons and the<em> f sublevel</em> has place for 14 electrons.

3 0
3 years ago
The second-order diffraction for a gold crystal is at an angle of 22.20o for X-rays of 154 pm. What is the spacing between the c
Alenkinab [10]

<u>Answer:</u> The spacing between the crystal planes is 4.07\times 10^{-10}m

<u>Explanation:</u>

To calculate the spacing between the crystal planes, we use the equation given by Bragg, which is:

n\lambda =2d\sin \theta

where,

n = order of diffraction = 2

\lambda = wavelength of the light = 154pm=1.54\times 10^{-10}m     (Conversion factor:  1m=10^{12}pm )

d = spacing between the crystal planes = ?

\theta = angle of diffraction = 22.20°

Putting values in above equation, we get:

2\times 1.54\times 10^{-10}=2d\sin (22.20)\\\\d=\frac{2\times 1.54\times 10^{-10}}{2\times \sin (22.20)}\\\\d=4.07\times 10^{-10}m

Hence, the spacing between the crystal planes is 4.07\times 10^{-10}m

4 0
3 years ago
As a human being, we are considered to be a ..... because we rely on other organism for food​
ryzh [129]
Heterotrophs i think :)

3 0
3 years ago
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67.4 L of sulfur dioxide (SO2) gas at 0.0C and at 1 atm of pressure is equivalent aren’t to how many moles?
gizmo_the_mogwai [7]

Solution here,

Volume(V)=67.4 L

Pressure(P)=1 atm

Temperature(T)=(0+273)K=273K

Universal gas constant(R)=0.0821 L.atm.mol^-1K^-1

No. of moles(n)=?

Now,

PV=nRT

or, 1×67.4=n×0.0821×273

or, 67.4=22.4n

or, n=67.4/22.4

or, n=3

therefore, required no. of mole is 3.

6 0
3 years ago
What is the percent composition by mass of hydrogen in nh4hco3
Simora [160]

<u>Answer:</u> The percent composition by mass of hydrogen in given compound is 6.33 %

<u>Explanation:</u>

We are given:

A chemical compound having chemical formula of NH_4HCO_3

It is made up by the combination of 1 nitrogen atom, 5 hydrogen atoms, 1 carbon atom and 3 oxygen atoms

To calculate the percentage composition by mass of hydrogen in the compound, we use the equation:

\%\text{ composition of Hydrogen}=\frac{\text{Mass of hydrogen}}{\text{Mass of compound}}\times 100

Mass of compound = [(1\times 14)+(5\times 1)+(1\times 12)+(3\times 16)]=79g/mol

Mass of hydrogen = (5\times 1)=5g/mol

Putting values in above equation, we get:

\%\text{ composition of Hydrogen}=\frac{5g/mol}{79g/mol}\times 100=6.33\%

Hence, the percent composition by mass of hydrogen in given compound is 6.33 %

6 0
3 years ago
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