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3 years ago

Which of the following is not a conjugate acid-base pair? A) NH4+/NH3 B) H30-OH OC) H2SO3/HSO3 D) C2H302-/HC2H302

Chemistry

1 answer:

raketka [301]3 years ago

6 0

Answer : The option (d) is not a conjugate acid-base pair.

Explanation :

According to the Bronsted Lowry concept, Bronsted Lowry-acid is a substance that donates one or more hydrogen ion in a reaction and Bronsted Lowry-base is a substance that accepts one or more hydrogen ion in a reaction.

Or we can say that, conjugate acid is proton donor and conjugate base is proton acceptor.

(a) The equilibrium reaction will be,

$NH_4^++OH^-\rightleftharpoons NH_3+H_2O$

In this reaction, $NH_4^+/NH_3$ are act as a conjugate acid-base.

(b) The equilibrium reaction will be,

$H_3O^++OH^-\rightleftharpoons H_2O+H_2O$

In this reaction, $H_3O^+/OH^-$ are act as a conjugate acid-base.

(c) The equilibrium reaction will be,

$H_2SO_3+OH^-\rightleftharpoons HSO_3^-+H_2O$

In this reaction, $H_2SO_3/HSO_3^-$ are act as a conjugate acid-base.

(d) The equilibrium reaction will be,

$C_2H_3O_2^-+H_2O\rightleftharpoons HC_2H_3O_2+OH^-$

In this reaction, $C_2H_3O_2^-/HC_2H_3O_2$ are act as a conjugate base-acid.

Hence, from this we conclude that, the option (d) is not a conjugate acid-base pair but it is a act as conjugate base-acid.

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Which of the following is least likely to increase the rate of diffusion?A small concentration gradientB higher concentration of

Ksenya-84 [330]

Answer: Option (A) is the correct answer.

Explanation:

Rate of diffusion is defined as the total movement of molecules from a region of higher concentration to lower concentration.

The interaction between medium and the material is responsible for the rate of diffusion of a material or substance.

A small concentration gradient means small difference in the number of molecules taking part in a reaction. So, when there no large difference between the concentration then there won't be much difference in the rate of diffusion of a material.

Whereas a higher concentration of molecules will lead to more number of collisions due to which frequency of molecules increases. Therefore, rate of diffusion will also increase.

Small molecule size will also lead to increases in rate of diffusion. This is because according to Graham's law rate of diffusion is inversely proportional to molar mass of an element. Hence, smaller size molecule will have smaller mass. As a result, rate of diffusion will be more.

High temperature means more kinetic energy of molecules due to which more number of collisions will be there. Hence, rate of diffusion will also increase.

Thus, we can conclude that out of the given options a small concentration gradient is least likely to increase the rate of diffusion.

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3 years ago

What is the difference between mitosis and meiosis

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3 years ago

Read 2 more answers

What is the value of the equilibrium constant at 25 oC for the reaction between the pair: I2(s) and Br-(aq) Give your answer usi

insens350 [35]

Explanation:

Formula to calculate standard electrode potential is as follows.

$E^{o}_{cell} = E^{0}_{cathode} - E^{0}_{anode}$

= 0.535 - 1.065

= - 0.53 V

Also, it is known that relation between $E^{o}_{cell}$ and K is as follows.

$E^{o}_{cell} = \frac{RT}{nF} \times ln K$

ln K = $\frac{nFE^{0}_{cell}}{RT}$

Substituting the given values into the above formula as follows.

ln K = $\frac{nFE^{0}_{cell}}{RT}$

= $\frac{2 \times 96485 C mol^{-1} \times -0.53 V}{8.314 l atm/mol K \times 298 K} \times \frac{1 J}{1 V C}$

ln K = -41.28

K = $e^{-41.28}$

= $1 \times 10^{-18}$

Thus, we can conclude that the value of the equilibrium constant for the given reaction is $1 \times 10^{-18}$ .

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3 years ago

An oil tanker spills a large amount of oil near the ocean shoreline. Which application of chemistry would best solve this proble

DochEvi [55]

I have heard they can use hair is stocking or nets to absorb the oil out of the water

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3 years ago

Which solution below has the highest concentration of hydroxide ions?a. pH= 3.21b. pH= 7.00c. pH= 7.93d. pH= 12.59e. pH= 9.82

Sloan [31]

Answer:

<em>The solution that has the highest concentration of hydroxide ions is </em><u>d. pH = 12.59.</u>

Explanation:

You can solve this question using just some chemical facts:

pH is a measure of acidity or alkalinity: the higher the pH the lower the acidity and the higher the alkalinity.
The higher the concentration of hydroxide ions the lower the acidity or the higher the alkalinity of the solution, this is the higher the pH.

Hence, since you are asked to state the solution with the highest concentration of hydroxide ions, you just pick the highest pH. This is the option d, pH = 12.59.

These mathematical relations are used to find the exact concentrations of hydroxide ions:

pH + pOH = 14 ⇒ pOH = 14 - pH

pOH = - log [OH⁻] ⇒ $[OH^-]=10^{-pOH}$

Then, you can follow these calculations:

Solution pH pOH [OH⁻]

a. 3.21 14 - 3.21 = 10.79 antilogarithm of 10.79 = 1.6 × 10⁻¹¹

b. 7.00 14 - 7.00 = 7.00 antilogarithm of 7.00 = 10⁻⁷

c. 7.93 14 - 7.93 = 6.07 antilogarithm of 6.07 = 8.5 × 10⁻⁷

d. 12.59 14 - 12.59 = 1.41 antilogarithm of 1.41 = 0.039

e. 9.82 14 - 9.82 = 4.18 antilogarithm of 4.18 = 6.6 × 10⁻⁵

From which you see that the highest concentration of hydroxide ions is for pH = 12.59.

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3 years ago