Which is a drawback of agricultural technology?

Use the changes in oxidation numbers to identify which atom is oxidized, reduced, the oxidizing agent, and the reducing agent. 5

Vinil7 [7]

Answer:

Reaction A:

Hydrogen atoms in H₂ are oxidized.
Oxygen atoms in O₂ are reduced.
Hydrogen gas H₂ is the reducing agent.
Oxygen gas O₂ is the oxidizing agent.

Reaction B:

Oxygen atoms in KNO₃ are oxidized.
Nitrogen atoms in KNO₃ are reduced.
Potassium nitrate (V) KNO₃ is both the oxidizing agent and the reducing agent.

Explanation:

When an atom is oxidized, its oxidation number increases.
When an atom is reduced, its oxidation number decreases.
The oxidizing agent contains atoms that are reduced.
The reducing agent contains atoms that are oxidized.

Here are some common rules for assigning oxidation states.

Oxidation states on all atoms in a neutral compound shall add up to 0.
The average oxidation state on an atom is zero if the compound contains only atoms of that element. (E.g., the oxidation state on O in O₂ is zero.)
The oxidation state on oxygen atoms in compounds is typically -2. (Exceptions: oxygen bonded to fluorine, and peroxides.)
The oxidation state on group one metals (Li, Na, K) in compounds is typically +1.
The oxidation state on group two metals (Mg, Ca, Ba) in compounds is typically +2.
The oxidation state on H in compounds is typically +1. (Exceptions: metal hydrides where the oxidation state on H can be -1.)

For this question, only the rule about neutral compounds, oxygen, and group one metals (K in this case) are needed.

<h3>Reaction B</h3>

Oxidation states in KNO₃:

K is a group one metal. The oxidation state on K in the compound KNO₃ shall be +1.
The oxidation state on N tend to vary a lot, from -3 all the way to +5. Leave that as $x$ for now.
There's no fluorine in KNO₃. The ion NO₃⁻ stands for nitrate. There's no peroxide in that ion. The oxidation state on O in this compound shall be -2.
Let the oxidation state on N be $x$ . The oxidation state of all five atoms in the formula KNO₃ shall add up to zero. $1\times (+1) + 1 \times (x) + {\bf 3} \times (-2) = 0\\x = +5$ . As a result, the oxidation state on N in KNO₃ will be +5.

Similarly, for KNO₂:

The oxidation state on the group one metal K in KNO₂ will still be +1.
Let the oxidation state on N be $y$ .
There's no peroxide in the nitrite ion, NO₂⁻, either. The oxidation state on O in KNO₂ will still be -2.
The oxidation state on all atoms in this formula shall add up to 0. Solve for the oxidation state on N: $1\times (+1) + 1 \times (y) + {\bf 2}\times (-2) = 0\\y = +3$ . The oxidation state on N in KNO₂ will be +3.

Oxygen is the only element in O₂. As a result,

The oxidation state on O in O₂ will be 0.

$\rm\stackrel{+1}{K}\stackrel{\bf +5}{N}\stackrel{\bf -2}{O}_3 \to \stackrel{+1}{K}\stackrel{\bf+3}{N}\stackrel{\bf -2}{O}_2 + \stackrel{\bf 0}{O}_2$ .

The oxidation state on two oxygen atoms in KNO₃ increases from -2 to 0. These oxygen atoms are oxidized. KNO₃ is also the reducing agent.

The oxidation state on the nitrogen atom in KNO₃ decreases from +5 to +3. That nitrogen atom is reduced. As a result, KNO₃ is also the oxidizing agent.

<h3>Reaction A</h3>

Apply these steps to reaction A.

H₂:

Oxidation state on H: 0.

O₂:

Oxidation state on O: 0.

H₂O:

Oxidation state on H: +1.
Oxidation state on O: -2.
Double check: ${\bf 2} \times (+1) + (-2) = 0$ .

$\rm \stackrel{}{2}\; \stackrel{\bf 0}{H}_2 + \stackrel{\bf 0}{O}_2\stackrel{}{\to} \stackrel{}{2}\;\stackrel{\bf +1}{H}_2\stackrel{\bf -2}{O}$ .

The oxidation state on oxygen atoms decreases from 0 to -2. Those oxygen atoms are reduced. O₂ is thus the oxidizing agent.

The oxidation state on hydrogen atoms increases from 0 to +1. Those hydrogen atoms are oxidized. H₂ is thus the reducing agent.

4 0

3 years ago

True or False: Different substances, like shortening and soap, will melt at the same temperature. True False

stiks02 [169]

Answer: true

explanation:

8 0

3 years ago

Read 2 more answers

If .75 moles of ammonia is needed, how many grams of nitrogen will be consumed?

MrMuchimi

We have to get the amount of nitrogen to be consumed to get 0.75 moles of ammonia.

The amount of nitrogen (in grams) required to prepare 0.75 moles of ammonia is: 10.5 grams.

Ammonia (NH₃) can be prepared from nitrogen (N₂) as per following balanced chemical reaction-

N₂ (g) + 3H₂ (g) ⇄ 2NH₃ (g)

According to the above reaction, to prepare 2 moles of ammonia, one mole of nitrogen is required. Hence, to prepare 0.75 moles of ammonia, $\frac{1 X 0.75}{2}$ moles = 0.375 moles of nitrogen is required.

Molar mass of nitrogen is 28 grams, i.e, mass of one mole of nitrogen is 28 grams, so mass of 0.375 moles of nitrogen is 0.375 X 28 grams=10.5 grams of nitrogen.

Therefore, the amount of nitrogen (in grams) required to prepare 0.75 moles of ammonia is 10.5 grams.

5 0

3 years ago

Jamal is working with three ionic compounds: sodium chloride, calcium sulfide, and barium oxide. His teacher asks him which are

Lubov Fominskaja [6]

Answer:

option A is correct ( sodium, calcium and barium)

Explanation:

Given compounds:

Sodium chloride , calcium sulfide, barium oxide

We know that metals form positive ions. In order to solve the problem we must identify the metals from given compounds.

Na⁺Cl⁻

Ca²⁺S²⁻

Ba²⁺O²⁻

We can see that sodium, calcium and barium contain positive charges.

Thus option A is correct.

Because sodium have one valance electron. When it combine with chlorine sodium lose its one electron to complete the octet and chlorine accept it to complete its octet. Thus sodium form positive ion and chlorine form negative ion.

Similarly barium and calcium are present in group 2. Both have two valance electron. When they lose them cation are formed.

Other option are incorrect because,

Option B have sulfur and oxygen which are anion.

Option C have chlorine which is also anion

Option D have chlorine, sulfur and oxygen that are anions.

4 0

3 years ago

Which term best describes what Donna observed?<br> A:dew<br> B:fog<br> C:mist <br> D:rain

MariettaO [177]

I also think it’s B but not quite sure

6 0

3 years ago