Explanation: Process is diffusion. The gas molecules follow a zig-zag path through the tube as they collide with the air molecules in the tube. The purpose of the glass tube is to eliminate air currents and to see if the gas molecules will move on their own.
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Answer:-
Solution:- The equation for the conversion of gold ions to gold metal is as follows:

From this equation, 1 mol of Gold metal is deposited by 3 mole of electrons.
We know that one mol of electron carries one Faraday that is 96500 Coulombs.
So. 3 moles of electrons would be = 3(96500) = 289500 Coulombs
We could calculate the total Coulombs by using the formula:
q = i*t
where, q is the charge in coulombs, i is the current in ampere and t is time in seconds.
q = 
q = 51408 ampere per second
Since, 1 ampere per second = 1 coulomb
So, 51408 ampere per second is same as 51408 coulombs.
Let's use this value of q and the info from balanced equation and molar mass(196.967 g epr mol) of gold to calculate the mass of it being deposited while the current is passed as:

= 35.0 g Au
So, 35.0 g of gold are deposited on passing 23.8 ampere of current for 36.0 min to a gold solution.
B.) At higher temperature and low pressure.
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Answer : The oxidation state of nitrogen in
is, (+5)
Explanation :
Rules for the oxidation numbers :
- The oxidation number of a free element is always be zero.
- The oxidation number of a monatomic ion equal to the charge of the ion.
- The oxidation number of Hydrogen (H) is +1.
- The oxidation number of oxygen (O) in compounds is usually -2, but it is -1 in the peroxides.
- The oxidation number of a Group 1 element in a compound is +1.
- The oxidation number of a Group 2 element in a compound is +2.
- The oxidation number of a Group 17 element in a binary compound is -1.
- The sum of the oxidation numbers of all of the atoms in a neutral compound is zero.
- The sum of the oxidation numbers in a polyatomic ion is equal to the charge of the ion.
The given compound is,
Let the oxidation state of 'N' be, 'x'
Hence, the oxidation state of N is, (+5)