Answer:
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Matter is composed of tiny particles called _<u>Atoms and molecules</u>_.
<u>What is the difference between states of matter and phases of matter? -</u>The difference between states of matter and phases of matter is that the state of matter is the state of a particular compound in a physical system whereas phase is a set of states within such a system.
Solid: The solid state is one of the fundamental states of matter. Solids differ from liquids and gases by the characteristic of rigidity.
Liquid: The molecules in a liquid are closely packed due to weak intermolecular forces. These forces are weaker than solids but stronger than that of gases.
Gas: Molecules floating all over the place
<u>What causes matter to change states? - </u>Changing states of matter occur when matter loses or absorbs energy.
<u>What is temperature?</u> - The degree or intensity of heat present in a substance or object, especially as expressed according to a comparative scale and shown by a thermometer or perceived by touch.
What instrument is used to measure temperature? - Thermometers
<u>What happens when two substances of different temperatures come in contact with each other?</u> - When two substances having different temperatures are introduced or kept together, heat energy flows from a substance at higher temperature to a substance at lower temperature.
<u>What happens when a substance moves below its freezing point?</u> - Evaporation can take place below the boiling point of a substance.
<u>What happens when it moves above its boiling point?</u> - Boiling is the process by which a liquid turns into a vapor when it is heated to its boiling point.
<u>A change of state from solid to liquid is called _melting___.</u>
<u>What is the difference between vaporization and evaporation?</u> - Vaporization is the process of conversion of solid or liquid into gaseous form while evaporation is the change of a liquid into gaseous form.
<u>What is an example of sublimation?</u> - Vaporization of frozen carbon dioxide (dry ice) at ordinary atmospheric pressure and temperature.
<u>What is an example of condensation?</u> - Having a cold soda on a hot day, the can "sweats."
<u>During a phase change, the temperature remains __constant__. After the change of state occurs, the temperature _can rise again_.</u>
Describe the three methods of thermal energy transfer:
Conduction: For conduction to take place between two objects, they must be touching each other.
Convection: The circulatory motion that occurs in a fluid at a nonuniform temperature owing to the variation of its density and the action of gravity
<u>Radiation: Radiation is the emission or transmission of energy in the form of waves or particles through space or through a material medium.</u>
<u>What are electromagnetic waves? </u>- Composition of oscillating electric and magnetic fields.
<u>What are some examples of conductors and insulators?</u> - Many metals, such as copper, iron and steel, are good electrical conductors. That is why the parts of electrical objects that need to let electricity pass through are always made of metal.
<u>What are the characteristics of conductors and insulators? - </u>
An electrical insulator is a material in which the electron does not flow freely or the atom of the insulator have tightly bound electrons whose internal electric charges do not flow freely; very little electric current will flow through it under the influence.
In physics and electrical engineering, a conductor is an object or type of material that allows the flow of charge (electrical current) in one or more directions.
<u>How does thermal energy affect different materials? </u>- Thermal energy affects different materials by the movement of the tiny particles, which transfers from one object to another, aka heat.
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