Answer:
the changing tempure in rocks causing it to back apart
The orbitals closest to the nucleus is the orbital wih the lowest energy. This is according to the basic rules stating that the energy of the shells as its principal quantum number increases, also increases. Thus the answer in 1 is B. Valence electrons are found in the outermost electron shell, on the other hand.
Kinetic Energy which relies on an objects mass and velocity and Potential Energy which relies on the height of the object
I wanna say 3,398.08 but let me know if that sounds very off
85-12 = 73 degrees needed
4.186 J/degree Celsius, so
73 degrees * 4.186 J/degree = 305.578 J to raise 1 gram 73 degrees
there are 675 grams, so 305.578 * 675 = 206265.15 J
2.06 x 10^5 J are needed