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kow [346]
2 years ago
5

In each of the following sets of elements, which one will be least likely to gain or lose electrons?

Chemistry
1 answer:
klasskru [66]2 years ago
7 0
1. The reactivity among the alkali metals increases as you go down the group due to the decrease in the effective nuclear charge from the increased shielding by the greater number of electrons. The greater the atomic number, the weaker the hold on the valence electron the nucleus has, and the more easily the element can lose the electron. Conversely, the lower the atomic number, the greater pull the nucleus has on the valence electron, and the less readily would the element be able to lose the electron (relatively speaking). Thus, in the first set comprising group I elements, sodium (Na) would be the least likely to lose its valence electron (and, for that matter, its core electrons).

2. The elements in this set are the group II alkaline earth metals, and they follow the same trend as the alkali metals. Of the elements here, beryllium (Be) would have the highest effective nuclear charge, and so it would be the least likely to lose its valence electrons. In fact, beryllium has a tendency not to lose (or gain) electrons, i.e., ionize, at all; it is unique among its congeners in that it tends to form covalent bonds.

3. While the alkali and alkaline earth metals would lose electrons to attain a noble gas configuration, the group VIIA halogens, as we have here, would need to gain a valence electron for an full octet. The trends in the group I and II elements are turned on their head for the halogens: The smaller the atomic number, the less shielding, and so the greater the pull by the nucleus to gain a valence electron. And as the atomic number increases (such as when you go down the group), the more shielding there is, the weaker the effective nuclear charge, and the lesser the tendency to gain a valence electron. Bromine (Br) has the largest atomic number among the halogens in this set, so an electron would feel the smallest pull from a bromine atom; bromine would thus be the least likely here to gain a valence electron.

4. The pattern for the elements in this set (the group VI chalcogens) generally follows that of the halogens. The greater the atomic number, the weaker the pull of the nucleus, and so the lesser the tendency to gain electrons. Tellurium (Te) has the highest atomic number among the elements in the set, and so it would be the least likely to gain electrons.
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sodium hydroxide, NaOH , is dissolved in water to make up a solution that is 1.58× 10 −5 M in NaOH . What is the pH
mars1129 [50]

Answer:

pH = 9.2

Explanation:

pH+pOH=14

But pOH= -log[OH]= -log[1.58×10^-5]= 4.8

We can now say

4.8+pH= 14

pH= 14-4.8= 9.2

8 0
3 years ago
Have you had the chance to watch a tree grow over a span of several years? Did you notice that the tree grew thicker and taller?
Kruka [31]

Explanation:

All of the cells would be identical.

is correct answer

3 0
2 years ago
4. A 14.5-L balloon is in the air where it is 20.0 C at 0.980-atm. A wind passes over and the balloon's pressure becomes 740.0-m
jeka94

The temperature of the wind as that decreases the volume and the pressure of the balloon to the given values is 14.09°C.

<h3>What is Combined gas law?</h3>

Combined gas law put together both Boyle's Law, Charles's Law, and Gay-Lussac's Law. It states that "the ratio of the product of volume and pressure and the absolute temperature of a gas is equal to a constant.

It is expressed as;

P₁V₁/T₁ = P₂V₂/T₂

Given the data in the question;

  • Initial volume V₁ = 14.5L
  • Initial pressure P₁ = 0.980atm
  • Initial temperature T₁ = 20.0°C = 293.15K
  • Final volume V₂ = 14.3L
  • Final pressure P₂ = 740.mmHg = 0.973684atm
  • Final temperature T₂ = ?

We substitute our given values into the expression above.

P₁V₁/T₁ = P₂V₂/T₂

( 0.980atm × 14.5L )/293.15K = ( 0.973684atm × 14.3L )/T₂

14.21Latm / 293.15K = 13.92368Latm / T₂

14.21Latm × T₂ = 13.92368Latm × 293.15K

14.21Latm × T₂ = 4081.72679LatmK

T₂ = 4081.72679LatmK / 14.21Latm

T₂ = 287.24K

T₂ = 14.09°C

Therefore, the temperature of the wind as that decreases the volume and the pressure of the balloon to the given values is 14.09°C.

Learn more about the combined gas law here: brainly.com/question/25944795

#SPJ1

4 0
2 years ago
Which of the following values best classifies a bond between 2 atoms as being ionic?
never [62]
The general rule followed is that if electronegativity difference is greater than 2, then it is considered an ionic bond. An ionic bond is a type of bond characterizing a transfer of electrons within a bond. Common examples are salts which adds that ionic bonds are common between a metal and a nonmetal. Therefore, the best answer from above is letter B.
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3 years ago
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