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Gekata [30.6K]
3 years ago
11

A long solenoid that has 1 170 turns uniformly distributed over a length of 0.420 m produces a magnetic field of magnitude 1.00

10-4 T at its center. What current is required in the windings for that to occur?
Physics
1 answer:
AysviL [449]3 years ago
6 0

I = 28.6mA.

The magnetic field in the center of a solenoid is given by:

B = μ₀NI/L

Clear I from the equation above, we obtain:

I = BL/μ₀N

With B = 1.00 x 10⁻⁴T, L = 0.42m, μ₀ = 4π x 10⁻⁷T.m/A  and N = 1170turns

I = [(1.00 x 10⁻⁴T)(0.42m)]/[(4π x 10⁻⁷T.m/A)(1170turns)]

I = 0.0286A

I = 28.6mA

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A 10 gauge copper wire carries a current of 23 A. Assuming one free electron per copper atom, calculate the magnitude of the dri
Reptile [31]

Question:

A 10 gauge copper wire carries a current of 15 A. Assuming one free electron per copper atom, calculate the drift velocity of the electrons. (The cross-sectional area of a 10-gauge wire is 5.261 mm².)

Answer:

3.22 x 10⁻⁴ m/s

Explanation:

The drift velocity (v) of the electrons in a wire (copper wire in this case) carrying current (I) is given by;

v = \frac{I}{nqA}

Where;

n = number of free electrons per cubic meter

q =  electron charge

A =  cross-sectional area of the wire

<em>First let's calculate the number of free electrons per cubic meter (n)</em>

Known constants:

density of copper, ρ = 8.95 x 10³kg/m³

molar mass of copper, M = 63.5 x 10⁻³kg/mol

Avogadro's number, Nₐ = 6.02 x 10²³ particles/mol

But;

The number of copper atoms, N, per cubic meter is given by;

N = (Nₐ x ρ / M)          -------------(ii)

<em>Substitute the values of Nₐ, ρ and M into equation (ii) as follows;</em>

N = (6.02 x 10²³ x 8.95 x 10³) / 63.5 x 10⁻³

N = 8.49 x 10²⁸ atom/m³

Since there is one free electron per copper atom, the number of free electrons per cubic meter is simply;

n = 8.49 x 10²⁸ electrons/m³

<em>Now let's calculate the drift electron</em>

Known values from question:

A = 5.261 mm² = 5.261 x 10⁻⁶m²

I = 23A

q = 1.6 x 10⁻¹⁹C

<em>Substitute these values into equation (i) as follows;</em>

v = \frac{I}{nqA}

v = \frac{23}{8.49*10^{28} * 1.6 *10^{-19} * 5.261*10^{-6}}

v = 3.22 x 10⁻⁴ m/s

Therefore, the drift electron is 3.22 x 10⁻⁴ m/s

6 0
3 years ago
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