Answer:
Chemically altered nucleosides derived from canonical ribo-or deoxyribonucleoside-derivatives of adenosine, cytosine, guanosine, and uridine or thymidine are found in all types of nucleic acids, DNA and RNA. They are particularly abundant in noncoding RNAs, such as transfer RNAs and ribosomal RNA of higher organisms. By increasing the structural diversity of nucleic acids, modified nucleosides play important roles in gene expression and in regulating many aspects of RNA functions. They also contribute to nucleic acid stability and to protection of genetic materials against virus aggression. In this chapter we present a historical overview of the discovery, occurrence, and diversity of the many naturally occurring modified nucleosides that are present in both DNA and RNA of diverse organisms. We also briefly describe the different enzymes that accomplish these nucleic acid ‘decorations’. More information about the structure, function, biosynthesis and evolutionary aspects of selected modified nucleosides in DNA and RNA and their corresponding modification enzymes can be found elsewhere in this volume.
Explanation:
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Answer: The procedure RJ is preparing to undergo is called KIDNEY TRANSPLANT.
Explanation:
RJ was diagnosed with renal failure for the past 10 years. For him to have been in this condition for a period of 10 years depicts chronic renal failure. This is a type of kidney disease in which there is progressive loss of function of more and more nephrons that gradually decreases overall kidney function with time. The following can cause chronic renal failure:
--> Metabolic disorders: these include diabetes mellitus, obesity
--> Hypertension
--> Infections: Example is tuberculosis
--> Urinary tract obstruction
--> Congenital disorders
In chronic renal failure, the irreversible decrease in the number of functional nephrons eventually leads to KIDNEY TRANSPLANT.
Kidney transplant is a surgical procedure which is performed by a nephrologist where by a kidney from a compatible donor is transferred to a recipient. This procedure requires only one kidney from the donor, which when surgically implanted in RJ it would help perform blood filtration.
Yes blue makes people calmer because it’s a low color and makes people relaxed
