a) It can dissolve other substances and has high specific heat capacity.
b) Pressure is transferred equally in all directions
c) F=14*0.04/0.02=28 N
d) I'd expect that it will sink cause weight will pull it to the bottom
e) Because the buoyant force is stipulated by difference between pressures in the top and bottom surfaces of a body.
f) Because this force increases in denser liquids: , where rho is density.
g) Q=Av, where v - speed, A - area. With the same flow rate v=Q/A, so larger area decreases speed and vice versa.