Two independent variables could change at the same time, and you would not know which variable affected the dependent variable
Answer:
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Answer:
a) ammonium ion
b) amide ion
Explanation:
The order of decreasing bond angles of the three nitrogen species; ammonium ion, ammonia and amide ion is NH4+ >NH3> NH2-. Next we need to rationalize this order of decreasing bond angles from the valence shell electron pair repulsion (VSEPR) theory perspective.
First we must realize that all three nitrogen species contain a central sp3 hybridized carbon atom. This means that a tetrahedral geometry is ideally expected. Recall that the presence of lone pairs distorts molecular structures from the expected geometry based on VSEPR theory.
The amide ion contains two lone pairs of electrons. Remember that the presence of lone pairs causes greater repulsion than bond pairs on the outermost shell of the central atom. Hence, the amide ion has the least H-N-H bond angle of about 105°.
The ammonia molecule contains one lone pair, the repulsion caused by one lone pair is definitely bless than that caused by two lone pairs of electrons hence the bond angle of the H-N-H bond in ammonia is 107°.
The ammonium ion contains four bond pairs and no lone pair of electrons on the outermost nitrogen atom. Hence we expect a perfect tetrahedron with bond angle of 109°.
Answer: 3378.4mL
Explanation:
density of Gasoline = 0.74g/mL.
Volume of gasoline in milliliter = ?
mass of gasoline = 2.5kg
(Since density is in grams per millilitre, convert mass in kilograms to grams)
If 1kg = 1000grams
2.5kg = 2.5 x 1000 = 2500grams
Recall that density is obtained by dividing the mass of a substance by its volume
i.e Density = Mass / Volume
0.74g/mL = 2500grams/Volume
Volume = (2500 grams / 0.74g/mL)
Volume = 3378.4mL
Thus, the volume of gasoline is 3378.4mL
<u>Answer:</u> The final volume of the reaction is 4.69 L
<u>Explanation:</u>
The relationship of number of moles and volume at constant temperature and pressure was given by Avogadro's law. This law states that volume is directly proportional to number of moles at constant temperature and pressure.
The equation used to calculate number of moles is given by:
where,
are the initial volume and number of moles
are the final volume and number of moles
We are given:
Putting values in above equation, we get:
Hence, the final volume of the reaction is 4.69 L
