Ketones and aldehydes are simple compounds that contain a carbonyl group (a carbon-oxygen double bond). They are considered "simple" because they do not have reactive groups like −OH or −Cl attached directly to the carbon atom in the carbonyl group, as in carboxylic acids containing −COOH<span>.
So your answer would be D.).
I hope that this helps. :)</span>
Answer:
Explanation:
Hello there!
In this case, according to the given information, it turns out firstly necessary to write out the described chemical reaction as shown below:
Now, we set up the expression for the calculation of the standard free energy change, considering the free energy of formation of each species, specially those of H2 and F2 which are both 0 because they are pure elements:
Regards!
Answer:
Reaction A and B are unfavorable.
Explanation:
Gibbs free energy is an energy which that can be use to convert into useful work.
ΔG°=ΔH°-TΔS°
ΔG°= Gibbs free energy
ΔH° = enthalpy of reaction
T = temperature of eh reaction
ΔS° = Entropy change
- If the Gibbs free energy of the reaction is positive than the reaction will be non spontaneous and the chemical reaction will be not feasible.
- If the Gibbs free energy of the reaction is negative than the reaction will be spontaneous and the chemical reaction will be feasible .
According to given information in the question:
Reaction A and B are non spontaneous as their Gibbs free energy value is positive.hence both are unfavorable.
Answer:
a. 1.78x10⁻³ = Ka
2.75 = pKa
b. It is irrelevant.
Explanation:
a. The neutralization of a weak acid, HA, with a base can help to find Ka of the acid.
Equilibrium is:
HA ⇄ H⁺ + A⁻
And Ka is defined as:
Ka = [H⁺] [A⁻] / [HA]
The HA reacts with the base, XOH, thus:
HA + XOH → H₂O + A⁻ + X⁺
As you require 26.0mL of the base to consume all HA, if you add 13mL, the moles of HA will be the half of the initial moles and, the other half, will be A⁻
That means:
[HA] = [A⁻]
It is possible to obtain pKa from H-H equation (Equation used to find pH of a buffer), thus:
pH = pKa + log₁₀ [A⁻] / [HA]
Replacing:
2.75 = pKa + log₁₀ [A⁻] / [HA]
As [HA] = [A⁻]
2.75 = pKa + log₁₀ 1
<h3>2.75 = pKa</h3>
Knowing pKa = -log Ka
2.75 = -log Ka
10^-2.75 = Ka
<h3>1.78x10⁻³ = Ka</h3>
b. As you can see, the initial concentration of the acid was not necessary. The only thing you must know is that in the half of the titration, [HA] = [A⁻]. Thus, the initial concentration of the acid doesn't affect the initial calculation.
Answer:
It is called the atomic theory I believe.
Explanation:
